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. 2021 Mar 3;14(5):1191.
doi: 10.3390/ma14051191.

Lab-Scale Study of Temperature and Duration Effects on Carbonized Solid Fuels Properties Produced from Municipal Solid Waste Components

Kacper Świechowski  1 , Paweł Stępień  2 , Ewa Syguła  1 , Jacek A Koziel  3 , Andrzej Białowiec  1   3
Affiliations

Lab-Scale Study of Temperature and Duration Effects on Carbonized Solid Fuels Properties Produced from Municipal Solid Waste Components

Kacper Świechowski et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

In work, data from carbonization of the eight main municipal solid waste components (carton, fabric, kitchen waste, paper, plastic, rubber, paper/aluminum/polyethylene (PAP/AL/PE) composite packaging pack, wood) carbonized at 300-500 °C for 20-60 min were used to build regression models to predict the biochar properties (proximate and ultimate analysis) for particular components. These models were then combined in general models that predict the properties of char made from mixed waste components depending on pyrolysis temperature, residence time, and share of municipal solid waste components. Next, the general models were compared with experimental data (two mixtures made from the above-mentioned components carbonized at the same conditions). The comparison showed that most of the proposed general models had a determination coefficient (R2) over 0.6, and the best prediction was found for the prediction of biochar mass yield (R2 = 0.9). All models were implemented into a spreadsheet to provide a simple tool to determine the potential of carbonization of municipal solid waste/refuse solid fuel based on a local mix of major components.

Keywords: CO2-assisted pyrolysis; circular economy; municipal waste; organic waste; regression models; thermal treatment; waste conversion; waste recycling; waste to carbon; waste to energy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest and declare that the funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Correlation between experimental and estimated mass yield (MY) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF 1, (b) RDF 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation between experimental and predicted energy densification ratio (EDr) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF 1, (b) RDF 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Correlation between experimental and predicted energy yield (EY) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Correlation between experimental and predicted moisture content (MC) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Correlation between experimental and predicted organic matter content (OM) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Correlation between experimental and predicted ash content (AC) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Correlation between experimental and predicted combustible parts (CP) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Correlation between experimental and predicted carbon content (C) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Correlation between experimental and predicted hydrogen content (H) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Correlation between experimental and estimated nitrogen content (N) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Correlation between experimental and predicted sulfur content (S) of carbonized RDF blends, (a) RDF blend 1, (b) RDF blend 2. Blue circles indicate the experimental and predicted data.
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