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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2021 Mar 15;18(6):3018.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18063018.

Inflammatory Status and Glycemic Control Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Biagio Rapone  1 , Elisabetta Ferrara  2 , Massimo Corsalini  3 , Erda Qorri  4 , Ilaria Converti  5 , Felice Lorusso  6 , Maurizio Delvecchio  7 , Antonio Gnoni  1 , Salvatore Scacco  1 , Antonio Scarano  6
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Inflammatory Status and Glycemic Control Level of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Periodontitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Biagio Rapone et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Based on the holistic approach to prevention diabetic disease, the role of periodontal inflammation in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is under intensive scrutiny. Data from clinical trials have shown benefit from a periodontal therapy in providing patients with type 2 diabetes improvement despite relatively disappointing long-terms response rates. The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term glycemic control level and systemic inflammatory status after periodontal therapy.

Methods: This was a randomized trial with a 6-months follow-up. Participants aged 56.4 ± 7.9 years with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and periodontitis were enrolled. Among the 187 type 2 diabetic patients, 93 were randomly assigned to receive non-surgical periodontal treatment immediately and 94 to receive the delayed treatment. Within and between groups comparison was done during the study period, and the differences between groups were assessed.

Results: The difference between HbA1c values at baseline (Mdn = 7.7) and 6 months after non-surgical periodontal treatment (Mdn = 7.2) was statistically significant, U = 3174.5, p = 0.012, r = 0.187. However, although technically a positive correlation, the relationship between the glycated hemoglobin value and periodontal variables was weak. The differences between both the groups over 6 months were not statistically considerable, failing to reach statistical significance. At 6 months the difference between groups about the C-reactive protein (CRP) levels was statistically significant, U=1839.5, p = 0, r = 0.472, with a lower concentration for the intervention group. Furthermore, the intervention group showed a statistically significant difference between baseline and 6 months evaluation (U = 2606.5, p = 0, r = 0.308).

Conclusions: The periodontal intervention potentially may allow individuals with type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control and CRP concentrations, and diabetes alters the periodontal status.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; dental public health; non-surgical periodontal treatment; periodontal inflammation; periodontitis; systemic inflammation; type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CONSORT flow chart. This figure shows the flow of patients through the trial according to the criteria recommended in the CONSORT guidelines.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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