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. 2021 Mar 24;7(2):34.
doi: 10.3390/gels7020034.

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver-Strontium (Ag-Sr)-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles

Shaher Bano  1 , Memoona Akhtar  1 , Muhammad Yasir  1 , Muhammad Salman Maqbool  2 , Akbar Niaz  3 , Abdul Wadood  1 , Muhammad Atiq Ur Rehman  1
Affiliations

Synthesis and Characterization of Silver-Strontium (Ag-Sr)-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles

Shaher Bano et al. Gels. .

Abstract

Biomedical implants are the need of this era due to the increase in number of accidents and follow-up surgeries. Different types of bone diseases such as osteoarthritis, osteomalacia, bone cancer, etc., are increasing globally. Mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) are used in biomedical devices due to their osteointegration and bioactive properties. In this study, silver (Ag)- and strontium (Sr)-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ag-Sr MBGNs) were prepared by a modified Stöber process. In this method, Ag+ and Sr2+ were co-substituted in pure MBGNs to harvest the antibacterial properties of Ag ions, as well as pro-osteogenic potential of Sr2 ions. The effect of the two-ion concentration on morphology, surface charge, composition, antibacterial ability, and in-vitro bioactivity was studied. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the doping of Sr and Ag in MBGNs. SEM and EDX analysis confirmed the spherical morphology and typical composition of MBGNs, respectively. The Ag-Sr MBGNs showed a strong antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus carnosus and Escherichia coli bacteria determined via turbidity and disc diffusion method. Moreover, the synthesized Ag-Sr MBGNs develop apatite-like crystals upon immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), which suggested that the addition of Sr improved in vitro bioactivity. The Ag-Sr MBGNs synthesized in this study can be used for the preparation of scaffolds or as a filler material in the composite coatings for bone tissue engineering.

Keywords: antibacterial activity; bioactivity; mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles; silver; sol-gel.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author declares no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showing the morphology of the produced nanoparticles: (A) pure MBGNs, (B) Ag-MBGNs, (C) Sr-MBGNs, (D) Ag-Sr MBGNs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) results showing the pore size distribution (left) and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of synthesized bioactive glass nanoparticles (right).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis of the synthesized particles: (A) Ag-Sr MBGNs and (B) MBGNs.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy of Ag-Sr, Ag MBGNs, and Sr MBGNs.
Figure 5
Figure 5
X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of Ag-Sr-, Ag-, and Sr-doped MBGNs.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Absolute ion-release profile of Si, Ca, Sr, and Ag ions from (A) MBGMNs, (B) Ag-Sr MBGNs, (C) Ag MBGNs, and (D) Sr MBGNs samples immersed in SBF (Simulated Body Fluid) measured by using ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) shown in A to D (each experiment was repeated 5 times and the mean values were reported with the standard deviation represented by the error bars in the figure).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Inhibition halo tests with S. carnosus for (A) Ag-Sr MBGNs, (B) MBGNs, (C) reference sample and with E. coli for (D) Ag-Sr MBGNs, (E) MBGNs, (F) reference sample.
Figure 8
Figure 8
EDX analysis of synthesized Ag-Sr MBGNs after immersion in SBF for (a) 1 day, (b) 3 days, and (c) 1 month.
Figure 9
Figure 9
SEM images of Ag-Sr MBGNs pellets after immersion in SBF for 7 days, (A) low-magnification image, (B) higher magnification image.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The difference in pH value of SBF after immersion of Ag-Sr MBGNs. pH measured at different time points from 0 to 21 days (the error bar indicates mean ± standard deviation for three individual experiments).
Figure 11
Figure 11
Synthesis of Ag-Sr-doped mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (Ag-Sr MBGNs) modified by the Stöber method.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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