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Review
. 2021 Mar 24;14(7):1592.
doi: 10.3390/ma14071592.

Review on Polymer, Ceramic and Composite Materials for CAD/CAM Indirect Restorations in Dentistry-Application, Mechanical Characteristics and Comparison

Aleksandra Skorulska  1 , Paweł Piszko  2 , Zbigniew Rybak  3 , Maria Szymonowicz  3 , Maciej Dobrzyński  1
Affiliations
Review

Review on Polymer, Ceramic and Composite Materials for CAD/CAM Indirect Restorations in Dentistry-Application, Mechanical Characteristics and Comparison

Aleksandra Skorulska et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The aim of this review article is to present various material groups, including ceramics, composites and hybrid materials, currently utilized in the field of CAD/CAM. The described technology is amongst the most important in modern prosthetics. Materials that are applicable in this technique are constantly tested, evaluated and improved. Nowadays, research on dental materials is carried out in order to meet the increasing demand on highly aesthetic and functional indirect restorations. Recent studies present the long-term clinical success of restorations made with the help of both ceramic and composite materials in the CAD/CAM method. However, new materials are developed and introduced that do not have long-term in vivo observations. We can outline a monolithic polymer-infiltrated ceramic network and zirconia teeth support that show promising results to date but require further assessment. The materials will be compared with regard to their mechanical and clinical properties, purpose, advantages and limitations.

Keywords: CAD/CAM; biocompatibility; dental ceramics; dental materials; mechanical properties; resin composites.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Examples of commercial CAD/CAM blocks. From the left: resin matrix composite Vita Enamic, resin matrix composite CERASMART and composite Brilliant Crios, reprinted with permission from ref. [44] (Copyright 2020 Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dental ceramics classification.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Flexural strength IPS e.max ZirCAD zirconium oxide ceramics varying in yttrium oxide content: 3%-3Y-TZP, 4%-4Y-TZP and 5%-5Y-TZP Adapted from ref. [64].
Figure 4
Figure 4
PMMA disk, reprinted with permission from ref. [44] (Copyright 2020 Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Flexural strength of different commercial interim PMMA-based resins. Adapted from ref. [68].
Figure 6
Figure 6
Vita CAD-Temp disk, reprinted with permission from ref. [44] (Copyright 2020 Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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