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Review
. 2021 Mar 5;14(3):219.
doi: 10.3390/ph14030219.

Orally Administered NSAIDs-General Characteristics and Usage in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review

Marcin Derwich  1 , Maria Mitus-Kenig  2 , Elzbieta Pawlowska  3
Affiliations
Review

Orally Administered NSAIDs-General Characteristics and Usage in the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis-A Narrative Review

Marcin Derwich et al. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). .

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a degenerative joint disease. The aim of this review was to present the general characteristics of orally administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to present the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. Methods: PubMed database was analyzed with the keywords: "(temporomandibular joint) AND ((disorders) OR (osteoarthritis) AND (treatment)) AND (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug)". After screening of 180 results, 6 studies have been included in this narrative review. Results and Conclusions: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are one of the most commonly used drugs for alleviation of pain localized in the orofacial area. The majority of articles predominantly examined and described diclofenac sodium in the treatment of pain in the course of TMJ OA. Because of the limited number of randomized studies evaluating the efficacy of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA, as well as high heterogeneity of published researches, it seems impossible to draw up unequivocal recommendations for the usage of NSAIDs in the treatment of TMJ OA. However, it is highly recommended to use the lowest effective dose of NSAIDs for the shortest possible time. Moreover, in patients with increased risk of gastrointestinal complications, supplementary gastroprotective agents should be prescribed.

Keywords: NSAID; temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis; treatment of temporomandibular joint disorders.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Etiological factors for TMJ OA on the basis of the literature [3,4]. The etiological factors have been allocated into two subgroups: host-adaptive capacity factors and mechanical factors.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic changes occurring within the overloaded TMJ, leading to extracellular matrix remodeling as well as to increased friction within the TMJ on the basis of the literature [4]. MMP-13—metalloproteinase 13; TIMP-1—tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1, TMJ—temporomandibular joint, VEGF—vascular endothelial growth factor.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Hierarchy pyramid presenting different methods of TMJ OA treatment on the basis of the literature [11,13].
Figure 4
Figure 4
PRISMA flow diagram for review of the literature.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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