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. 2021 Mar 26;7(4):251.
doi: 10.3390/jof7040251.

Global Diversity and Taxonomy of Sidera (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota): Four New Species and Keys to Species of the Genus

Zhan-Bo Liu  1 , Meng Zhou  1 , Yuan Yuan  1 , Yu-Cheng Dai  1
Affiliations

Global Diversity and Taxonomy of Sidera (Hymenochaetales, Basidiomycota): Four New Species and Keys to Species of the Genus

Zhan-Bo Liu et al. J Fungi (Basel). .

Abstract

The genus Sidera is a polypore genus with resupinate, white to cream or buff fresh basidioma, poroid or hydnoid hymenophore, a monomitic or dimitic hyphal system with generative hyphae bearing clamp connections, the presence of rosette-like crystals and allantoid to lunate basidiospores. We study the phylogeny and diversity of Sidera herein by using both morphological and molecular methods. Phylogenetic analyses are based on the ITS dataset, the combined 2-locus dataset (5.8S + nLSU) and 7-locus dataset (ITS + nLSU + RPB1 + RPB2 + TEF1 + mtSSU + nSSU) of 15 taxa of Sidera all over the world. Among them, four species are new to science and described and illustrated in this paper, viz. S. inflata, S. malaysiana, S. punctata and S. roseo-bubalina. In addition, three taxa were treated as Sidera vulgaris sensu lato. An identification key of the 14 accepted species of Sidera worldwide is provided.

Keywords: Rickenellaceae; phylogenetic analysis; wood-rotting fungi.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Phylogeny of Sidera and related species generated by ML analyses based on combined 5.8S + nLSU sequences. Branches are labeled with maximum likelihood bootstrap >50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities >0.90, respectively. New species are indicated in bold.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Phylogeny of Sidera new species and related species generated by ML analyses based on ITS sequences. Branches are labeled with maximum likelihood bootstrap >50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities >0.90, respectively. New species are indicated in bold.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Phylogeny of Sidera and related species generated by ML analyses based on combined ITS + nLSU + RPB1 + RPB2 + TEF1 + mtSSU + nSSU sequences. Branches are labeled with maximum likelihood bootstrap >50% and Bayesian posterior probabilities >0.90, respectively. New species are indicated in bold.
Figure 4
Figure 4
A basidioma of Sidera inflata (from the holotype Cui 13610). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Microscopic structures of Sidera inflata (holotype, Cui 13610). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) Cystidioles. (d) Hyphae from subiculum. (e) Hyphae from trama. (f) Hyphae at dissepiment edge. Drawing by Meng Zhou.
Figure 6
Figure 6
A basidioma of Sidera malaysiana (from the holotype Dai 18570). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Microscopic structures of Sidera malaysiana (holotype, Dai 18570). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) Cystidioles. (d) Hyphae from subiculum. (e) Hyphae from trama. (f) Hyphae at dissepiment edge. Drawing by Meng Zhou.
Figure 8
Figure 8
A basidioma of Sidera punctata (from the holotype Dai 22119). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Microscopic structures of Sidera punctata (holotype, Dai 22119). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) Hyphae from subiculum. (d) Hyphae from trama. (e) Hyphae at dissepiment edge. Drawing by Meng Zhou.
Figure 10
Figure 10
A dry basidioma of Sidera roseo-bubalina (from the holotype Dai 11277). Scale bar = 10 mm.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Microscopic structures of Sidera roseo-bubalina (holotype, Dai 11277). (a) Basidiospores. (b) Basidia and basidioles. (c) Cystidioles. (d) Hyphae from subiculum. (e) Hyphae from trama. (f) Hyphae at dissepiment edge. Drawing by Meng Zhou.
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