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Review
. 2021 Mar 26:14:2185-2201.
doi: 10.2147/OTT.S242018. eCollection 2021.

A Review of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Myeloma and Lymphoma

Shebli Atrash  1 , Tamara K Moyo  2
Affiliations
Review

A Review of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy for Myeloma and Lymphoma

Shebli Atrash et al. Onco Targets Ther. .

Abstract

Collectively, hematological malignancies account for the fourth most common malignancy. Myeloma and lymphoma are the most common types of hematological malignancies. Unfortunately, the management of refractory myeloma and lymphoma remains challenging. The discovery of new immunological therapies, namely chimeric antigen receptors T cells (CAR-T), outlined unprecedented B cell malignancies results. In this context, the CAR-T-based approach has led to the proliferation of many clinical studies. In this review, we will deal with the CAR-T structure, and we will summarize the primary clinical studies assessing the risks and benefits of CAR-T cell therapy. We will also deal with the adverse events and management of cytokine release syndromes/immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS). Subsequently, we will review potential future improvements to overcome refractoriness and improve expansion while decreasing CAR-T's off-target effects. The advances in the CAR-T platform represent a step forward with promising unlimited future possibilities that made it a paradigm-shifting for the management of B cell malignancies.

Keywords: T cells; chimeric antigen receptor; cytokine release syndrome; leukemia; lymphoma; multiple myeloma; refractory; relapsed; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

SA reports honorarium from Takeda, Amgen, Karyopharm, BMS, Sanofi, Cellactar, Janssen, and Celgene; speaker bureau for Celgene, Janssen, and Sanofi. TKM reports honorarium Seattle Genetics. The authors report no other conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
CAR-T cell use in hematological malignancies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Management to CRS/neurotoxicity.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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