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. 2018 Jun 7:13:208-216.
doi: 10.1515/biol-2018-0025. eCollection 2018 Jan.

16S Ribosomal RNA-based Gut Microbiome Composition Analysis in Infants with Breast Milk Jaundice

Miao Duan  1   2   3   4 , Jialin Yu  1 , Jinxing Feng  1   2   3   4 , Yu He  1   2   3   4 , Sa Xiao  1   2   3   4 , Danping Zhu  1   2   3   4 , Zhihui Zou  1   2   3   4
Affiliations

16S Ribosomal RNA-based Gut Microbiome Composition Analysis in Infants with Breast Milk Jaundice

Miao Duan et al. Open Life Sci. .

Abstract

Background: This case-control study investigated an association between breast milk jaundice (BMJ) and infants' gut microbiome. The study included determination of the diversity of the gut microbiome and identification of bacterial genera associated with BMJ.

Methods: The study population consisted of 12 infants with BMJ and 22 breastfed infants without jaundice (control). DNA collected from feces was analyzed by PCR amplification and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and then sequenced with a MiSeq system. Relative quantification bioinformatics was employed to analyze the DNA sequencing data. An Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze 16S rRNA variable (V) regions V3 and V4 in stool samples.

Results: In the control group, the proportion of Escherichia/Shigella (genus level) in the gut microbiome (64.67%) was significantly higher than that of the BMJ group. However, the prevalence of Bifidobacterium or Enterococcus in the gut microbiome of the two groups was similar. The Simpson index indicated that the diversity of the bacterial population in the BMJ infants was significantly narrower than in the normal infants.

Conclusion: The prevalence of Escherichia/Shigella in the gut of breastfed infants is important for lowering BMJ development.

Keywords: Breast milk jaundice; Escherichia; gut microbiome; high-throughput sequencing; infants.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: Authors state no conflict of interest

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Rarefaction curves for OTU calculated using Mothur software.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Unweighted UniFrac principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) plot comparing sample distribution between the two cohorts. Green and red dots represent healthy controls and BMJ infants, respectively; c1: BMJ group; case1: control group.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pie charts showing the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial genera in the BMJ (A) and control groups (B).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cladogram depicting the phylogenetic distribution of microbial lineages associated with the case (BMJ, green) and control (red) groups (A); Microbial groups with LDA values of 2.0 or higher determined by LEfSe (B).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Metabolic pathways predicted to be related to the occurrence of breast milk jaundice.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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