Heart Failure and Diabetes: Perspective of a Dangerous Association

Abstract

The relationship between diabetes and risk of heart failure has been described in previous trials, releasing the importance of the hyperglycemic state that, added to other risk factors, favors the development of coronary heart disease. The mechanism by which, in the absence of hypertension, obesity and/or dyslipidemia, diabetic patients develop cardiomyopathy has been less studied. Recently, the Sodium Glucose Co-transporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors) used for the treatment of heart failure patients with or without diabetes has been a breakthrough in the field of medicine. This review describes the established pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and SGLT2 inhibitors, their mechanisms of action, and benefits in this group of patients.

Keywords: Heart failure (HF); T2D Mellitus; cardiovascular disease (CVD); heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF); heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF); sodium-glucose cotransport-2 inhibitors (SGLT2 inhibitors)..