One Health approach in the prevention and control of mycobacterial infections in Tanzania: lessons learnt and future perspectives

Bugwesa Z Katale^{1

2

3}, Erasto V Mbugi⁴, Julius D Keyyu², Robert D Fyumagwa², Mark M Rweyemamu³, Paul D van Helden⁵, Hazel M Dockrell⁶, Mecky I Matee^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
² Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Arusha, Tanzania.
³ Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance (SACIDS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
⁵ DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁶ Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK.

PMID: 33829123
PMCID: PMC7990093
DOI: 10.1186/s42522-019-0002-1

Review

One Health approach in the prevention and control of mycobacterial infections in Tanzania: lessons learnt and future perspectives

Bugwesa Z Katale et al. One Health Outlook. 2019.

. 2019 Nov 27:1:2.

doi: 10.1186/s42522-019-0002-1. eCollection 2019.

Authors

Bugwesa Z Katale^{1

2

3}, Erasto V Mbugi⁴, Julius D Keyyu², Robert D Fyumagwa², Mark M Rweyemamu³, Paul D van Helden⁵, Hazel M Dockrell⁶, Mecky I Matee^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
² Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute (TAWIRI), Arusha, Tanzania.
³ Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance (SACIDS), Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania.
⁴ Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
⁵ DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research/ South African Medical Research Council (MRC) Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, Cape Town, South Africa.
⁶ Department of Immunology and Infection, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), London, UK.

PMID: 33829123
PMCID: PMC7990093
DOI: 10.1186/s42522-019-0002-1

Abstract

Background: One Health (OH) is an integrated approach, formed inclusive of using multiple disciplines to attain optimal health for humans, animals, and the environment. The increasing proximity between humans, livestock, and wildlife, and its role in the transmission dynamics of mycobacterial infections, necessitates an OH approach in the surveillance of zoonotic diseases. The challenge remains as humans, livestock, and wildlife share resources and interact at various interfaces. Therefore, this review explores the potential of the OH approach to understand the impact of mycobacterial infections in Tanzania in terms of lessons learnt and future perspectives.

Materials and methods: Available literature on OH and mycobacterial infections in Tanzania was searched in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. Articles on mycobacterial infections in Tanzania, published between 1997 to 2017, were retrieved to explore the information on OH and mycobacterial infections.

Main body: The studies conducted in Tanzania had have reported a wide diversity of mycobacterial species in humans and animals, which necessitates an OH approach in surveillance of diseases for better control of infectious agents and to safeguard the health of humans and animals. The close proximity between humans and animals increases the chances of inter-specific transmission of infectious pathogens, including drug-resistant mycobacteria. In an era where HIV co-infection is also the case, opportunistic infection by environmental non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), commonly known as mycobacteria other than tuberculosis (MOTT) may further exacerbate the impact of drug resistance. NTM from various sources have greatest potential for diverse strains among which are resistant strains due to continued evolutional changes.

Conclusion: A collaborative interdisciplinary approach among professionals could help in solving the threats posed by mycobacterial infections to public health, particularly by the spread of drug-resistant strains.

Keywords: Human-animal-environment; Mycobacterial infection; One health; Tanzania.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no competing interest.

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One Health approach in the prevention and control of mycobacterial infections in Tanzania: lessons learnt and future perspectives

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One Health approach in the prevention and control of mycobacterial infections in Tanzania: lessons learnt and future perspectives

Authors

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Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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