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. 2021 May;14(5):e009646.
doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.120.009646. Epub 2021 Apr 9.

The Association of Structural Inequities and Race With Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Stavros E Mountantonakis  1   2 , Laurence M Epstein  1   2 , Kristie Coleman  2 , Johanna Martinez  1   3 , Moussa Saleh  2 , Charlotte Kvasnovsky  1   4 , Rachel-Maria Brown  1   2 , Elizabeth McCulloch  3 , Jeffrey Kuvin  1   2 , Safiya Richardson  1 , Parth Makker  1   2 , Martin Lesser  5 , Jennifer H Mieres  1   2   3 , Karina W Davidson  1 , Robert O Roswell  1   2   3 ; Northwell COVID-19 Research Consortium
Affiliations

The Association of Structural Inequities and Race With Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Stavros E Mountantonakis et al. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2021 May.

Abstract

[Figure: see text].

Keywords: biometry; death, sudden, cardiac; health disparities; population density; poverty.

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Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Out-of-Hospital Sudden Death Increase during First COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak in New York City. Geographic distribution of out-of-hospital sudden death ratio 2020:2019 in New York City zip codes (A). Graphic representation of sudden death ratios from low to high (B).
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Correlation analysis between percentage of race/ethnicity and percentage less than high school education in ZIP codes. Spearman correlation coefficient, r, is reported.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Displays the lower predicted rate of increase (effect of β) in ZIP code level out of hospital sudden death (OHSD) with higher proportion of (10%–90%) Black population (angle with x axis) compared with the higher predicted rate of increase in OHSD with higher (10%–90%) of people with less than high school in a ZIP code (angle with y axis). Rate of increase in ZIP code ratio of OHSD with increasing % of both Black and less than high school (angle with xy surface) in a ZIP code.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Comment in

  • Pandemic Highlights Disparities in Health Care.
    Chrispin J, Frazier-Mills C, Sogade F, Wan EY, Clair WK. Chrispin J, et al. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2021 May;14(5):e009908. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.121.009908. Epub 2021 May 17. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2021. PMID: 33993701 No abstract available.

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