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. 2021 Nov;68(6):3120-3125.
doi: 10.1111/tbed.14100. Epub 2021 May 5.

First detection of porcine respirovirus 1 in Germany and the Netherlands

Leonard Schuele  1   2 , Erley Lizarazo-Forero  1 , Hayley Cassidy  1 , Katrin Strutzberg-Minder  3 , Jan Boehmer  3 , Sabine Schuetze  4 , Sandra Loebert  4 , Claudia Lambrecht  4 , Juergen Harlizius  4 , Alex W Friedrich  1 , Silke Peter  2 , John W A Rossen  1   5 , Natacha Couto  1   6
Affiliations

First detection of porcine respirovirus 1 in Germany and the Netherlands

Leonard Schuele et al. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2021 Nov.

Abstract

Porcine respirovirus 1, also referred to as porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV-1), was first detected in deceased pigs from Hong Kong in 2013. It has since then been found in the USA, Chile and most recently in Hungary. Information on the pathogenicity and global spread is sparse. However, it has been speculated to play a role in the porcine respiratory disease complex. To investigate the porcine virome, we screened 53 pig samples from 26 farms within the Dutch-German border region using shotgun metagenomics sequencing (SMg). After detecting PPIV-1 in five farms through SMg, a real-time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was designed, which not only confirmed the presence of the virus in 1 of the 5 farms but found an additional 6 positive farms. Phylogenetic analysis found the closest match to be the first detected PPIV-1 strain in Hong Kong. The Dutch-German region represents a significant area of pig farming within Europe and could provide important information on the characterization and circulation of porcine viruses, such as PPIV-1. With its recent detection in Hungary, these findings suggest widespread circulation of PPIV-1 in Central Europe, highlighting the need for further research on persistence, pathogenicity and transmission in Europe.

Keywords: Europe; next-generation sequencing; porcine parainfluenza virus 1; porcine respirovirus 1; shotgun metagenomics sequencing.

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Conflict of interest statement

John W. A. Rossen is employed by IDbyDNA. Silke Peter consults for IDbyDNA. This did not influence the interpretation of reviewed data and conclusions drawn nor on the drafting of the manuscript, and no support was obtained from them. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
(a) European countries with reported PPIV‐1 detection. Hungary (green) in 2020, Germany and the Netherlands (blue) in 2020. (b) Relative geographic location of the pre‐selected German and Dutch farms. Farms with a PPIV‐1 detection are illustrated with a red square, and farms without a PPIV‐1 detection are illustrated with a blue hexagon. (c) Phylogenetic analysis of genome sequences of PPIV‐1. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using the sequence obtained in this study (blue) and all complete or near‐complete PPIV‐1 genomes available in GenBank (n = 10, 27/08/2020). Human parainfluenza virus 1 was used as an outgroup
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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