Betaherpesvirus assembly and egress: Recent advances illuminate the path

Abstract

The human betaherpesviruses, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV; species Human betaherpesvirus 5) and human herpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7 (HHV-6A, -6B, and -7; species Human betaherpesviruses 6A, 6B, and 7) are highly prevalent and can cause severe disease in immune-compromised and immune-naive populations in well- and under-developed communities. Herpesvirus virion assembly is an intricate process that requires viral orchestration of host systems. In this review, we describe recent advances in some of the many cellular events relevant to assembly and egress of betaherpesvirus virions. These include modifications of host metabolic, immune, and autophagic/recycling systems. In addition, we discuss unique aspects of betaherpesvirus virion structure, virion assembly, and the cellular pathways employed during virion egress.

Keywords: Betaherpesviruses; Herpesviruses; Human cytomegalovirus; Human herpesvirus 6; Human herpesvirus 6A; Human herpesvirus 6B; Human herpesvirus 7; Roseolovirus; Virion; Virion assembly; Virus genome replication; Virus replication.