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Review
. 2021 Jan-Dec:30:963689721993769.
doi: 10.1177/0963689721993769.

Surviving the Rookie Virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2): The Immunopathology of a SARS-CoV2 Infection

Sheng Feng Tsai  1   2 , Kang-Yun Lu  2   3 , Hong-Meng Chuang  4 , Ching-Ann Liu  2   5   6
Affiliations
Review

Surviving the Rookie Virus, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2): The Immunopathology of a SARS-CoV2 Infection

Sheng Feng Tsai et al. Cell Transplant. 2021 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Until July 29th, the number of confirmed coronavirus (COVID-19) cases worldwide has risen to over 16 million, within which 655 k deaths. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) emerges as the 11th global pandemic disease, showing the highest infectivity and lowest infection fatality rate. In this review, we compare the immunopathology among SARS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, and SARS-CoV2. SARS-CoV2 is similar to SARS-CoV; it can cause lymphocytopenia and a rising granulocyte count. Here we point out the human body and concentrated society make for an excellent incubator for virus evolution. Most research energies put into developing the SARS-CoV2 vaccine are trying to block virus infection. Sixty-five percent of severe patients die with multiple organ failure, inflammation, and cytokine storm, which indicates that the patient's immune system maintains functionality. Finding a way to trigger the specific T cell subset and plasmablast in our body is the best shot to get away with SARS-CoV2.

Keywords: SARS-CoV2; immunopathology; vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Relationship between worldwide cases and IFR among coronavirus. IFR: infection fatality rate. The SARS information are cited from the webpage http://wiki.idph.iowa.gov/epimanual/Home/CategoryID/110#tab288; MERS data are cited from the website https://www.who.int/csr/don/29-january-2016-mers-thailand/en/
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The schematic of SARS-CoV2 infects human alveolar. SARS-CoV2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The major concepts and knowledge for building up of Fig. 2 are from Eup. J. Intern. Med. (2020), 76:14-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ejim.2020.04.037
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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