Vaginal Examinations During Childbirth: Consent, Coercion and COVID-19
- PMID: 33846670
- PMCID: PMC8026807
- DOI: 10.1007/s10691-021-09453-7
Vaginal Examinations During Childbirth: Consent, Coercion and COVID-19
Abstract
In this paper I assess the labour ward admission policies introduced by some National Health Service (NHS) trusts during the COVID-19 pandemic, arguing that these intersected with other policies in a manner which may have coerced birthing people into consenting to vaginal examinations they might have otherwise refused. In order to fully understand the potential severity of these policies, I situate this critique in the historical and contemporary context of the problematic relationship between consent and vaginal examinations. Identifying the legal wrongs associated with performing coerced vaginal examinations, I highlight that the law is inadequately equipped to provide appropriate redress. Further, I illustrate that the issue explored in this paper reflects broader problems which exist with regard to the focus of, and the (under)investment in, the maternity services.
Keywords: Autonomy; COVID-19; Choice in childbirth; Consent; Pregnancy; Vaginal examinations.
© The Author(s) 2021.
References
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- AIMS. 2017. Vaginal Examinations in Labour. https://www.aims.org.uk/information/item/vaginal-examinations-in-labour. Accessed 20 March 2020.
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- Anderson Tricia. The misleading myth of choice: The continuing oppression of women in childbirth. In: Kirkham Mavis., editor. Informed choice in maternity care. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan; 2004. pp. 257–264.
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- Birthrights. 2013. Dignity in Childbirth: The dignity survey 2014: Women’s and Midwives’ Experiences of UK Maternity Care. https://birthrights.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Birthrights-Dignit.... Accessed 1 December 2020.
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- Birthrights. 2020. Long term impact of visiting restrictions “could be catastrophic” MPs, academics and campaigners warn NHS England CEO. https://www.birthrights.org.uk/2020/11/15/long-term-impact-of-visiting-r.... Accessed 2 December 2020.
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