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. 2020 Nov-Dec;11(6):821-829.
doi: 10.32598/bcn.11.6.1154.1. Epub 2020 Nov 1.

Bilateral Carotid Artery Occlusion and Cochlear Oxidative Stress and Hearing Loss in Rats

Hamed Fanaei  1 , Akram Pourbakht  2 , Sadegh Jafarzadeh  3
Affiliations

Bilateral Carotid Artery Occlusion and Cochlear Oxidative Stress and Hearing Loss in Rats

Hamed Fanaei et al. Basic Clin Neurosci. 2020 Nov-Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of bilateral carotid artery occlusion on cochlear oxidative stress and hearing status in rats.

Methods: The rats were divided into two sets. The first set was used for electrophysiological recording (click and 4 kHz tone burst auditory brainstem responses and electrocochleography) on the day before surgery and then on the first, fourth, and seventh days after surgery. Animals of the second set were used for biochemical analysis. The cochlea of animals in the second set was collected on the first, fourth, and seventh days after carotids occlusion for biochemical analysis. For the control groups, no carotids occlusion was done. For ischemia induction, both common carotid arteries were occluded for 20 minutes.

Results: Electrophysiological analysis showed that burst auditory brainstem thresholds significantly elevated after common carotid arteries occlusion on the first, fourth, and seventh days after surgery with abnormal electrocochleography results at 75%, 70%, and 85% on the first, fourth, and seventh days after surgery, respectively. The electrophysiological finding confirmed by biochemical results that showed malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels increased and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities decreased after occlusion in cochlea tissue.

Conclusion: This study showed that bilateral common carotid artery occlusion increases cochlear oxidative stress and induces hearing loss in rats.

Keywords: Auditory brainstem response; Carotid artery; Cochlea; Hearing loss; Oxidative stress; Rat.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
The auditory brainstem response thresholds for two groups: Ischemia (left) and control (right)
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
The summation potential and action potential for two groups: Ischemia (left) and control (right)
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Cochlea nitric oxide levels in the sham and ischemic groups on 1 day before ischemia (0 Day) and on the 1, 4, and 7 days After Ischemia (AI) (Mean±SEM). P<0.05, sham versus ischemia on the first day AI. ϕ P<0.001, sham versus ischemic group on the fourth day AI.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Cochlea Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the sham and ischemia groups one day before ischemia (0 Day) and on the first, fourth, and seventh days After Ischemia (AI) (Mean±SEM). ϕ P<0.001, sham versus ischemic group on the first, fourth, and seventh days AI.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Cochlea Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity in the sham and ischemia groups one day before ischemia (0 Day) and then on the first, fourth, and seventh days After Ischemia (AI) (Mean±SEM). ϕ P<0.001, sham versus ischemic group on the first, fourth, and seventh days AI.
Figure 6.
Figure 6.
Cochlea Catalase (CAT) activity in the sham and ischemia groups one day before ischemia (0 Day) and then on the first, fourth, and seventh days After Ischemia (AI) (Mean±SEM). ϕ P<0.001, sham versus ischemic group on the first, fourth, and seventh days AI.
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