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. 2020 Dec 19;4(2):e00219.
doi: 10.1002/edm2.219. eCollection 2021 Apr.

A fact-finding survey on self-efficacy of foot care behaviour in patients with diabetes: Analysis using the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University 2017 (DIACET 2017)

Kazuki Ikura  1 , Hayato Kato  1 , Haruna Azuma  1 , Yuri Oda  1 , Yuka Kato  1 , Junnosuke Miura  1 , Tetsuya Babazono  1
Affiliations

A fact-finding survey on self-efficacy of foot care behaviour in patients with diabetes: Analysis using the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University 2017 (DIACET 2017)

Kazuki Ikura et al. Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. .

Abstract

Aim: We aimed to determine the association between self-efficacy of foot care behaviour and chronic complications in Japanese patients with diabetes.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire survey of 4571 patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who had (a) given consent to participate in the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University: DIACET 2017, and (b) completed all the questions of the Japanese Version of Foot Care Confidence Scale (J-FCCS), consisting of 12 statements.

Results: A greater proportion of respondents answered that they were not confident in determining the condition of corns and/or calluses and the condition of toenails. The J-FCCS total scores of the patients with retinopathy (p <.001) and numbness or pain in the feet (p <.001) were significantly lower than those of the patients without these complications. In both the multiple regression analysis and logistic regression analysis, lower J-FCCS was significantly associated with retinopathy and numbness or pain in the feet.

Conclusion: Foot care education that emphasizes a psychological approach in improving confidence associated with foot self-care is important for patients with advanced complications of diabetes.

Keywords: diabetes; foot care; foot care confidence scale; self‐care; self‐efficacy.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow chart showing the number of study participants. DIACET, the Diabetes Study from the Center of Tokyo Women's Medical University; T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; J‐FCCS, Japanese Version of Foot Care Confidence Scale; HbA1c, haemoglobin A1c; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Comparison of the J‐FCCS total scores by sex (A), presence or absence of diabetic retinopathy (B), chronic kidney disease (C) and numbness or pain in the feet associated with neuropathy (D) using Student's t test. J‐FCCS, Japanese Version of Foot Care Confidence Scale; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate
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