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. 2021 Aug;30(8):1356-1365.
doi: 10.1002/pon.5691. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Symptom distress and quality of life among Black Americans with cancer and their family caregivers

Katrina R Ellis  1 , Seyoung Oh  1 , Hillary K Hecht  2 , Laurel Northouse  3
Affiliations

Symptom distress and quality of life among Black Americans with cancer and their family caregivers

Katrina R Ellis et al. Psychooncology. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Objective: Black Americans are disproportionately affected by cancer and chronic diseases. Black patients with cancer and their family caregivers may concurrently experience symptoms that influence their wellbeing. This study investigates the influence of mental and physical symptom distress on quality of life (QOL) among Black Americans with cancer and their family caregivers from a dyadic perspective.

Methods: One hundred and fifty-one dyads comprised of a Black American with breast, colorectal, lung or prostate cancer and a Black family caregiver were included in this secondary analysis of pooled baseline data from three studies. Self-reports of problems managing 13 symptoms were used to measure mental and physical symptom distress. Descriptive statistics and the actor-partner interdependence model were used to examine symptom prevalence and the influence of each person's symptom distress on their own and each other's QOL.

Results: Fatigue, sleep problems, pain and mental distress were prevalent. Patients and caregivers reported similar levels of mental distress; however, patients reported higher physical distress. Increased patient mental distress was associated with decreased patient QOL (overall, emotional, social, functional). Increased patient physical distress was associated with decreased patient QOL (overall, physical, emotional, functional) and decreased caregiver emotional wellbeing. Increased caregiver mental distress was associated with decreased caregiver QOL (overall, emotional, social, functional) and decreased patient overall QOL. Increased caregiver physical distress was associated with decreased caregiver QOL (overall, physical, functional), decreased patient emotional wellbeing, and better patient social wellbeing.

Conclusions: Supporting symptom management in Black patient/caregiver dyads may improve their QOL.

Keywords: Black Americans; adults; cancer; caregiving; dyads; oncology; psycho-oncology; quality of life; symptoms.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Hypothesized Model Examining Actor and Partner Influences of Symptom Distress on Quality of Life The hypotheses (H2, H3) relevant to each path in the model have been noted. Independent effects (i.e. actor effects) are represented by solid lines. Interdependent effects (i.e. partner effects) are represented by dashed lines. Covariances are represented by curved double-headed arrows.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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