Core temperature circadian rhythm across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the circadian rhythm of core temperature (T_core) across aging in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) with comparison to the two rat strains often used as their normotensive control animals, namely, Wistar (WIS) and Wistar Kyoto (WKY).

Methods: WIS, WKY and SHR rats were subdivided into three different groups according their age: WIS16, WIS48, WIS72, WKY16, WKY48, WKY72, SHR16, SHR48 and SHR72 weeks-old. Body mass and blood pressure were periodically measured along the experiments. All animal group had their circadian rhythm of T_core evaluated over three consecutive days (72 h) by telemetry using an implanted temperature sensor. The T_core circadian rhythm was averaged in 1-h blocks and analyzed using the cosinor method.

Results: Sixteen-week-old SHR (SHR16) presented higher T_core than WIS16 (from 06am to 06pm) and WKY16 (from 07am to 06pm). Both normotensive groups exhibited increases in T_core during circadian rhythm with aging. The cosinor analysis showed no differences between strains and ages for the acrophase. An age effect on the SHR strain (SHR16 < SHR72) was observed regarding the amplitude. SHR16 had higher values regarding MESOR compared to WIS16 and WKY16. In addition, WIS72 and WKY72 showed higher values than WIS16 and WKY16, respectively. Finally, no differences were observed in the strength rhythm analysis.

Conclusions: SHR presented impaired thermoregulatory control at only 16 weeks of age when showing a higher body temperature during the activity phase, while other circadian rhythm parameters showed no differences across aging. Therefore, in taking our results as a whole we can conclude that WIS and WKY are appropriate Wistar strains to be used as normotensive controls for SHR.

Keywords: Body core temperature; Circadian rhythm; Experimental strains; Hypertension.