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. 2021 Oct;50(7):3247-3256.
doi: 10.1007/s10508-021-01960-7. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Factors Associated with HIV and Vulnerability Contexts for Women in Brazil

Emerson Silveira de Brito  1 , Daniela Riva Knauth  2 , Évelin Maria Brand  1 , Karen da Silva Calvo  1   3 , Álvaro Vigo  2 , Flávia Bulegon Pilecco  4 , Frederico Viana Machado  1 , Marsam Alves de Teixeira  1 , Franciele Moletta de Almeida  1 , Bruna Hentges  2 , Danielle Lodi Silva  2 , Luciana Barcellos Teixeira  5   6
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Factors Associated with HIV and Vulnerability Contexts for Women in Brazil

Emerson Silveira de Brito et al. Arch Sex Behav. 2021 Oct.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with HIV and vulnerability contexts for women in Porto Alegre, Brazil. The participants were 1326 women recruited by complex sampling design, divided into two groups: 640 women with HIV (WLH) and 686 women who did not have HIV (WNLH). Gross and weighted statistical analyses were performed. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) for 12 variables. The main results demonstrated that WLH had lower income (p < .001) and poorer education (p = .038), and few used condoms during their first sexual intercourse (p < .001). The occurrence of HIV was higher among the black population (p < .001). Sex in exchange for money (p < .001) and sexually transmitted infections (p < .001) were more frequent among WLH than among WNLH. The age of sexual debut and age difference from the partner at first sexual intercourse (FSI) were not associated with the outcome. The high percentage of non-use of condoms during the FSI shows how vulnerable individuals are right at the beginning of their sexual lives. More effective prevention strategies can be developed by nurses in view of the contexts of vulnerability surrounding women.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS; Reproductive health; Sexual behavior; Women’s health.

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