COVID-19 lockdown - Are Austrians finally able to compensate their sleep debt?

Abstract

In order to control the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, Austria was put under national lockdown beginning on March 13, 2020, forcing its inhabitants to live in home confinement. The aim of this study was to measure the impact of the lockdown on sleep and dream behavior in Austrian citizens. 77 participants (50 women, $M_{\text{age}}=$ 40.88 years, $S{D}_{\text{age}}$ = 13.72) filled in an online questionnaire during the lockdown between April and May 2020. Sleep quality, sleep quantity, daytime sleepiness, and nightmare frequency were assessed and analyzed in relation to gender, burnout risk, perfectionism and chronotype. Results demonstrated higher subjective sleep quality during lockdown, especially in women. Daytime sleepiness was significantly lower during the lockdown period while sleep duration did not change. Results suggest that sleep issues are less prominent during the COVID-19 lockdown but point to the importance of prevention and treatment of sleep disorders aside from the pandemic. Findings indicate the need for more flexibility in social time structures to relieve those managing tasks from multiple areas of interests such as working mothers. Generalization of results is limited due to small sample size, self-selection bias, and purely subjective measures.

Keywords: Corona; Daytime sleepiness; Dream; Nightmare; Sleep deprivation; Sleep duration; Sleep quality.