Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Apr 15;19(1):805-817.
doi: 10.1007/s40201-021-00648-3. eCollection 2021 Jun.

Quantitative fit testing of filtering face-piece respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals anthropometric deficits in most respirators available in Iran

Anahita Fakherpour  1 , Mehdi Jahangiri  1 , Mozhgan Seif  2 , Hossein Charkhand  3 , Siamak Abbaspour  3 , Evan L Floyd  4
Affiliations

Quantitative fit testing of filtering face-piece respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic reveals anthropometric deficits in most respirators available in Iran

Anahita Fakherpour et al. J Environ Health Sci Eng. .

Abstract

Purpose: Frontline health care workers (HCWs) must wear a standard N95 or FFP2 respirator during worldwide pandemics of respiratory diseases including COVID-19 to protect against airborne infectious pathogens when performing care activities. This study aimed to quantitatively investigate the fit of most of the common FFRs used during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.

Methods: A total of 37 volunteers were fit tested in 20 selected FFRs in a randomized order. The selected FFRs were underwent quantitative fit testing by PortaCount® model 8038. To determine the effects of face sizes on respirator fit, the participants' facial dimensions were measured using a digital caliper.

Results: The rate of passing fit tests for the studied FFRs were surprisingly low with 11 out of 20 FFRs having less than 10% passing fit tests and the best performers having only 43% and 27% passing fit tests (brands 2 and 20, respectively). Cup-shaped respirators provided significantly greater fit than the vertical flat-fold ones (p < 0.001). A significantly different FFs were found among the respirator brands (F = 13.60, p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Overall, unacceptably low fit factors were obtained from the studied FFRs. The main reasons for this are suspected to single size and style for each studied FFR. It confirms the importance and requirement of the proper respirator selection in that way fitted optimally into facial dimensions, appropriate usage, and properly performing the fit testing procedure. A unique fit test panel should be developed to guide respirator wearers in selecting the appropriate FFR for their specific face sizes.

Keywords: Coronavirus (COVID-19). Filtering face-piece respirators. Quantitative fit test. Respiratory protection program. Respirator characteristics. Subject features.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The participant while performing the QNFT procedure using the PortaCount® fit tester model 8038
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The mean fit factors (FFs) of the studied FFRs between male and female participants (refer to Table 1 for FFR features)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. EN149 . Respiratory protective devices — Filtering half masks to protect against particles —Requirements, testing, marking. 2009.
    1. NIOSH . The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH Guide to the Selection and Use of Particulate Respirators. 1996.
    1. World Health Organization (WHO) Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages. 2020.
    1. World Health Organization (WHO) Advice on the use of masks in the community, during home care and in health care settings in the context of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) outbreak. 2020.
    1. Mueller W, Horwell CJ, Apsley A, Steinle S, McPherson S, Cherrie JW, et al. The effectiveness of respiratory protection worn by communities to protect from volcanic ash inhalation. Part I: Filtration efficiency tests. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2018;221:967–976. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.03.012. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources