Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Aug;50(4):605-614.
doi: 10.1007/s13744-021-00874-2. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Impact of Environmental Variables on Parasitism and Emergence of Trichogramma pretiosum, Telenomus remus and Telenomus podisi

Marcela Laiz Mora Grande  1 , Ana Paula de Queiroz  2 , Jaciara Gonçalves  2 , Rafael Hayashida  2 , Maurício Ursi Ventura  1 , Adeney de Freitas Bueno  3
Affiliations

Impact of Environmental Variables on Parasitism and Emergence of Trichogramma pretiosum, Telenomus remus and Telenomus podisi

Marcela Laiz Mora Grande et al. Neotrop Entomol. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Environmental variables may markedly influence egg parasitoid performance and must be considered when choosing the best release strategy. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effects of light, temperature, soil moisture, and precipitation on the emergence and parasitism of parasitoid releases of unprotected and encapsulated pupae. The presence of light favored the parasitism of Trichogramma pretiosum Riley, 1879, and Telenomus remus (Nixon, 1937) but did not impact the parasitism of Telenomus podisi (Ashmead, 1893). The release strategy adopted (release of encapsulated or unprotected pupae) also impacted the results. On one hand, card capsules gave protection against rainfall, limited to 10 mm regarding Tr. pretiosum, while on the other hand, card capsules led to a reduction in the number of captured adults for Te. podisi at 25°C and 30°C. Therefore, Tr. pretiosum, Te. remus, and Te. podisi can be released using both encapsulated and unprotected pupae, with advantages and disadvantages for each strategy, depending on each studied environmental variable. In addition, parasitoid pupae should be released so that the majority emerge during daylight, especially for Te. remus and Tr. pretiosum, since parasitism was greatly reduced in dark environments. Telenomus podisi is not affected by this variable as it demonstrated similar parasitism in light and dark environments.

Keywords: Abiotic factor; biological control; egg parasitoids.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Aquilino KM, Cardinale BJ, Ives AR (2005) Reciprocal effects of host plant and natural enemy diversity on herbivore suppression: an empirical study of a model tritrophic system. Oikos 108:275–282. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0030-1299.2005.13418.x - DOI
    1. Bai B, Smith SM (1993) Effect of host availability on reproduction and survival of the parasitoid wasp Trichogramma minutum. Ecol Entomol 18(4):279–286. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2311.1993.tb01102.x - DOI
    1. Botelho PSM (1997) Eficiência de Trichogramma em campo. In: Parra JRP, Zucchi RA (eds) Trichogrammae o controle biológico aplicado. FEALQ, Piracicaba, pp 303–318
    1. Bourchier RS, Smith SM (1996) Influence of environmental conditions and parasitoid quality on field performance of Trichogramma minutum. Entomol Exp Appl 80(3):461–468. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1570-7458.1996.tb00960.x - DOI
    1. Braz EC, Bueno AF, Colombo F, Queiroz AP (2021) Temperature impact on Telenomus podisi emergence in field releases of unprotected and encapsulated parasitoid pupae Neotrop Entomol in press