[Attitude towards vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 : Survey among employees in hospitals before and after the start of vaccinations in German hospitals]
- PMID: 33877427
- PMCID: PMC8056372
- DOI: 10.1007/s00063-021-00821-4
[Attitude towards vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 : Survey among employees in hospitals before and after the start of vaccinations in German hospitals]
Abstract
Background: The vaccinations against the "severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2" (SARS-CoV‑2) play a decisive role in the global fight against the coronavirus pandemic. In the population, but also among health care workers (HCWs), there were concerns and skepticism about vaccinations even before the corona pandemic.
Methods: An online survey on the attitude of HCWs to vaccination against SARS-CoV‑2 was carried out in December (December 3rd-December 12th, 2020) before and in February (February 1st-February 10th, 2021) after the start of the vaccinations. Members of the German Society for Internal Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine (DGIIN) and the German Interdisciplinary Association for Intensive Care Medicine and Emergency Medicine (DIVI) were invited by email and on Facebook.
Results: In December 2305 and in February 3501 people took part. The approval rate for vaccination increased from 85.2% to 92.1% (p < 0.001). There was also an increase in willingness to vaccinate (63.8% vs. 75.9%; p < 0.001). The female gender, membership of the professional group nursing staff and age < 45 years were significantly associated with a restricted willingness to vaccinate. There was also a decrease in concerns about efficacy, side effects and long-term damage. There was clear skepticism about the vaccine from AstraZeneca (Cambridge, United Kingdom). Before and after the introduction of vaccinations against SARS-CoV‑2, an increase in the willingness to vaccinate against SARS-CoV-2 can be shown in German HCWs. Technical experts must bring objectivity into the currently controversial debate through precise and transparent information and thus counteract vaccination skepticism, not only among HCWs.
Zusammenfassung: HINTERGRUND: Die Impfungen gegen das „severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2“ (SARS-CoV‑2) spielen eine entscheidende Rolle im globalen Kampf gegen die Coronapandemie. In der Bevölkerung aber auch bei Mitarbeitenden im Gesundheitswesen („health care workers“ [HCWs]) bestanden schon vor der Coronapandemie Bedenken und Skepsis gegenüber Impfungen.
Methode: Eine Onlineumfrage zur Einstellung der HCWs zur Impfung gegen SARS-CoV-2 wurde im Dezember (03.–12.12.2020) vor sowie im Februar (01.–10.02.2021) nach Start der Impfungen durchgeführt. Mitglieder*Innen der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Internistische Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin (DGIIN) sowie der Deutschen Interdisziplinären Vereinigung für Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin (DIVI) wurden mit einer E‑Mail und auf Facebook eingeladen.
Ergebnisse: Im Dezember nahmen 2305, im Februar 3501 Personen teil. Die Zustimmung zur Impfung nahm von 85,2 % auf 92,1 % (p < 0,001) zu. Ebenfalls kam es zu einer Zunahme der Impfbereitschaft (63,8 % vs. 75,9 %; p < 0,001). Das weibliche Geschlecht, die Zugehörigkeit zur Berufsgruppe Pflegekräfte und ein Lebensalter < 45 Jahren waren signifikant mit einer eingeschränkten Impfbereitschaft assoziiert. Ebenfalls zeigte sich eine Abnahme der Bedenken bezüglich Wirksamkeit, Nebenwirkungen und Langzeitschäden. Eine deutliche Skepsis lag gegenüber dem Impfstoff der Firma AstraZeneca (Cambridge, Vereinigtes Königreich) vor.
Zusammenfassung: Vor und nach Einführung von Impfungen gegen SARS-CoV‑2 kann eine Zunahme der Impfbereitschaft gegen SARS-CoV‑2 bei deutschen HCWs gezeigt werden. Fachexpert*Innen müssen Sachlichkeit in die aktuell kontrovers geführte Debatte durch präzise und transparente Information einbringen und damit einer Impfskepsis nicht nur bei HCWs entgegenwirken.
Keywords: COVID-19; Immunization; Online survey; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Vaccine hesitancy.
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