Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2021 Sep;52(9):2645-2650.
doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.04.035. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Characteristics and outcomes following motorized and non-motorized vehicular trauma in a resource-limited setting

Selena J An  1 , Laura N Purcell  1 , Gift Mulima  2 , Anthony G Charles  3
Affiliations

Characteristics and outcomes following motorized and non-motorized vehicular trauma in a resource-limited setting

Selena J An et al. Injury. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the ubiquity of motorized vehicular transport, non-motorized transportation continues to be common in sub-Saharan Africa.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of trauma patients presenting to Kamuzu Central Hospital in Malawi from February 2008 to May 2018. Demographic and clinical variables including injury characteristics and outcomes were collected. We performed bivariate and multivariate logistic regression to determine predictors of mortality following non-motorized vehicular trauma.

Results: This study included 36,412 patients involved in vehicular road injuries. Patients in the non-motorized group had a preponderance of men (84% versus 73%, p<0.01). The proportion of patients with Glasgow Coma Scale > 8 was slightly higher in the non-motorized group (99% versus 98%, p<0.01), though injury severity did not differ significantly between the two groups. A higher proportion in the motorized group had the most severe injury of contusions and abrasions (56% versus 50%, p<0.01). In contrast, the non-motorized group had a higher proportion of orthopedic injuries (24% versus 16%, p<0.01). The crude mortality rate was 4.51% and 2.15% in the motorized and non-motorized groups, respectively. After controlling for demographic factors and injury severity, the incidence rate ratio of mortality did not differ significantly between motorized and non-motorized trauma groups (IRR 0.91, p=0.35).

Conclusions: Non-motorized vehicular trauma remains a significant proportion of morbidity and mortality resulting from road traffic injuries. The injury severity and incidence rate ratio of mortality did not differ between motorized and non-motorized trauma groups. Health care providers should not underestimate the severity of injuries from non-motorized trauma.

Keywords: Animal drawn transportation; Injury; Non motorized vehicular injury; Trauma.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors whose names are listed immediately below certify that they have NO affiliations with or involvement in any organization or entity with any financial interest (such as honoraria; educational grants; participation in speakers’ bureaus; membership, employment, consultancies, stock ownership, or other equity interest; and expert testimony or patent-licensing arrangements), or non-financial interest (such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, knowledge or beliefs) in the subject matter or materials discussed in this manuscript.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Patients in Motorized versus Non-Motorized Trauma Undergoing Surgery
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Outcomes of motorized versus non-motorized trauma patients presenting to KCH
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety: time for action. Geneva, 2009.
    1. World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2013: supporting a decade of action. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2013.
    1. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2015. January10, 385(9963):117–71. - PMC - PubMed
    1. World Health Organization. Global status report on road safety 2015.
    1. Patel A, Krebs E, Andrade L, et al.The epidemiology of road traffic injury hotspots in Kigali, Rwanda from police data. BMC Public Health. 2016August2;16:697. - PMC - PubMed