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Review
. 2021 Apr 21;43(1):14.
doi: 10.1186/s41021-021-00187-1.

Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview

Iman Akhlaghipour  1 , Amir Reza Bina  2 , Mohammad Reza Abbaszadegan  3 , Meysam Moghbeli  4
Affiliations
Review

Methylation as a critical epigenetic process during tumor progressions among Iranian population: an overview

Iman Akhlaghipour et al. Genes Environ. .

Abstract

Cancer is one of the main health challenges and leading causes of deaths in the world. Various environmental and genetic risk factors are associated with tumorigenesis. Epigenetic deregulations are also important risk factors during tumor progression which are reversible transcriptional alterations without any genomic changes. Various mechanisms are involved in epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Cancer incidence and mortality have a growing trend during last decades among Iranian population which are significantly related to the late diagnosis. Therefore, it is required to prepare efficient molecular diagnostic panels for the early detection of cancer in this population. Promoter hyper methylation is frequently observed as an inhibitory molecular mechanism in various genes associated with DNA repair, cell cycle regulation, and apoptosis during tumor progression. Since aberrant promoter methylations have critical roles in early stages of neoplastic transformations, in present review we have summarized all of the aberrant methylations which have been reported during tumor progression among Iranian cancer patients. Aberrant promoter methylations are targetable and prepare novel therapeutic options for the personalized medicine in cancer patients. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive methylation specific panel of diagnostic markers for the early detection of cancer among Iranians.

Keywords: Cancer; Diagnostic panel; Early detection; Epigenetic; Iran; Methylation.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
all of the aberrant methylations involved in tumor progression among Iranian population. Blue and red colors refer to the hypo and hypermethylation, respectively
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
aberrant methylation of cell cycle regulators during tumor progressions among Iranian patients
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
role of aberrant methylation in regulation of apoptosis during tumor progressions among Iranian patients
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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