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Review
. 2021 Jul 1;29(4):365-372.
doi: 10.4062/biomolther.2020.204.

Diabetic Nephropathy - a Review of Risk Factors, Progression, Mechanism, and Dietary Management

Vijayakumar Natesan  1 , Sung-Jin Kim  2
Affiliations
Review

Diabetic Nephropathy - a Review of Risk Factors, Progression, Mechanism, and Dietary Management

Vijayakumar Natesan et al. Biomol Ther (Seoul). .

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) leads to many health problems like diabetic nephropathy (DN). One of the key factors for chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is T2DM. Extensive work is being done to delineate the pathogenesis of DN and to extend possible remedies. This review is intended to understand the nature of DN risk factors, progression, effects of glycemic levels, and stages of DN. We also explored the novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for DN such as gene therapy and stem cell treatments.

Keywords: Diabetic nephropathy; Hyperglycemia; Kidney disease; Novel drugs.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The schematic overview of inflammatory mechanisms in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The initiation and progression of DN is involved in metabolic and hemodynamic disruption. In DN, hyperglycemia-induced metabolic destruction is the major reason for the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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