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Review
. 2021 Feb;21(2):44-50.
doi: 10.1016/j.bjae.2020.11.001. Epub 2020 Dec 24.

Temporomandibular disorders

J Palmer  1 , J Durham  1
Affiliations
Review

Temporomandibular disorders

J Palmer et al. BJA Educ. 2021 Feb.
No abstract available

Keywords: chronic pain; temporomandibular joint disorders; temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
TMD pain screener. A score of ≥3 indicates a positive finding and must be followed by a more comprehensive evaluation to establish diagnosis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
‘Red flag’ signs or symptoms presenting as TMD that may indicate a separate, significant or sinister diagnosis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
List of resources for clinicians to aid in the education of patients with TMD.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. List T., Jensen R.H. Temporomandibular disorders: old ideas and new concepts. Cephalalgia. 2017;27:692–704. - PubMed
    1. Durham J., Aggarwal V., Davies S. Temporomandibular disorders(TMDs): an update and management guidance for primary care from the UK Specialist Interest Group in Orofacial Pain and TMDs (USOT) R Coll Surg Fac Dent Surg. 2013:1–22. https://www.rcseng.ac.uk/dental-faculties/fds/publications-guidelines/cl... Available from:
    1. Hoffmann R.G., Kotchen J.M., Kotchen T.A., Cowley T., Dasgupta M., Cowley A.W. Temporomandibular disorders and associated clinical comorbidities. Clin J Pain. 2011;27:268–274. - PubMed
    1. Slade G.D., Fillingim R.B., Sanders A.E. Summary of findings from the OPPERA prospective cohort study of incidence of first-onset temporomandibular disorder: implications and future directions. J Pain. 2013;14:T116–T124. - PMC - PubMed