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. 2021 Sep;178(18):3648-3666.
doi: 10.1111/bph.15507. Epub 2021 May 27.

Cerebroprotection by dioscin after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome through SIRT1-dependent pathway

Xiang-Sheng Zhang  1   2 , Yue Lu  2 , Wen Li  3 , Tao Tao  4 , Wei-Han Wang  1 , Sen Gao  2 , Yan Zhou  2 , Yi-Ting Guo  1 , Cang Liu  1 , Zong Zhuang  2 , Chun-Hua Hang  2 , Wei Li  2
Affiliations
Free article

Cerebroprotection by dioscin after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage via inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome through SIRT1-dependent pathway

Xiang-Sheng Zhang et al. Br J Pharmacol. 2021 Sep.
Free article

Abstract

Background and purpose: Dioscin has multiple biological activities and is beneficial for cardiovascular and cerebral vascular diseases. Here, we investigated the protective effects of dioscin against subarachnoid haemorrhage and the molecular mechanisms involved.

Experimental approach: Dioscin was administered after subarachnoid haemorrhage induced in rats. MCC950, a potent selective nod-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inhibitor, was used to suppress NLRP3 and EX527 (selisistat) was used to inhibit sirtuin 1 (SIRT1).

Key results: In vivo, dioscin inhibited acute inflammatory response, oxidative damage, neurological impairment and neural cell degeneration after subarachnoid haemorrhage along with dramatically suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation. While pretreatment with MCC950 reduced the inflammatory response and improved neurological outcomes it did not lessen ROS production. However, giving dioscin after MCC950 reduced acute brain damage and ROS production. Dioscin increased SIRT1 expression after subarachnoid haemorrhage, whereas EX527 abolished the up-regulation of SIRT1 induced by dioscin and offset the inhibitory effects of dioscin on NLRP3 inflammasome activation. EX527 pretreatment also reversed the neuroprotective effects of dioscin against subarachnoid haemorrhage. Similarly, in vitro, dioscin dose-dependently suppressed inflammatory response, oxidative damage and neuronal degeneration and improved cell viability in neurons and microglia co-culture system. These effects were associated with inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome and stimulation of SIRT1 signalling, which could be inhibited by EX527 pretreatment.

Conclusion and implications: Dioscin provides protection against subarachnoid haemorrhage via the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome activation through SIRT1-dependent pathway. Dioscin may be a new candidate to ameliorate early brain injury after subarachnoid haemorrhage.

Keywords: EX527; dioscin; early brain injury; selisistatNLRP3sirtuin 1subarachnoid haemorrhage.

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