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Review
. 2021 Apr 19:13:47-56.
doi: 10.2147/ORR.S299409. eCollection 2021.

Persistent Pain After Operative Treatment for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability

Byung-Hyun Ahn  1 , Byung-Ki Cho  1   2
Affiliations
Review

Persistent Pain After Operative Treatment for Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability

Byung-Hyun Ahn et al. Orthop Res Rev. .

Abstract

A high frequency of associated injuries is seen in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability. Comorbidities include intraarticular pathologies (osteochondral lesion, soft tissue or bony impingement syndrome, loose body, synovitis, etc.), peroneal tendon pathologies, neural injuries, and other extraarticular pathologies. Surgeons should have a high index of suspicion for these associated pathologies before operative intervention, correlate with clinical findings, and plan the treatment. Despite the restoration of ankle stability following ligament repair or reconstruction surgery, postoperative residual pain, which can negatively affect clinical outcomes and patient satisfaction, is highly prevalent (13-35%). The aim of this review was to discuss the causes of persistent pain after operative treatment for chronic lateral ankle instability.

Keywords: ankle; chronic lateral instability; operative treatment; persistent pain.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest related to this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(A and B) Accompanying pathologies secondary to repetitive lateral ankle sprain.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A and B) Osteochondral lesion of the talar dome accompanied by chronic ankle instability.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A and B) Osteochondral lesion difficult to be diagnosed in preoperative radiographic examination.
Figure 4
Figure 4
(A and B) Fibrous scar tissue and synovitis accompanied by chronic ankle instability.
Figure 5
Figure 5
(A and B) Anterior bony impingement (spurs) accompanied by chronic ankle instability.
Figure 6
Figure 6
(A and B) Osteophytes formation at the anterior tibial plafond and the talar neck.
Figure 7
Figure 7
(A and B) Peroneal tendon subluxation and tenosynovitis in patients with chronic ankle instability.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Varus malalignment of the hindfoot accompanied by chronic ankle instability.
Figure 9
Figure 9
(A and B) Talocalcaneal coalition in a patient with chronic ankle instability.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(A and B) Large-sized osteochondral lesion and subchondral cyst difficult to obtain successful regeneration of cartilage with only bone-marrow stimulation techniques.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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