Differences between ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD on DSM-5 section III personality traits
- PMID: 33907610
- PMCID: PMC8049462
- DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1894805
Differences between ICD-11 PTSD and complex PTSD on DSM-5 section III personality traits
Abstract
Background: The formulations of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the newly included disorder complex PTSD (CPTSD) in the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) have not been evaluated on a broad range of maladaptive personality traits. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD on maladaptive personality traits. Method: In a cross-sectional study of 106 Danish outpatients with ICD-10 PTSD, we used the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) to identify patients with either ICD-11 PTSD or CPTSD (N = 84). We utilized the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) from the alternative model of personality disorders in DSM-5, section III, to evaluate personality trait differences between ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. Furthermore, PID-5 was also used to investigate relationships between personality traits and ICD-11 PTSD/CPTSD symptom clusters. The Life Event Checklist was used to assess traumatic experiences, and the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview was applied to assess comorbidity. Results: Patients with ICD-11 PTSD or CPTSD had elevated scores on personality traits indicative of internalizing psychopathology. However, higher impairment levels of the trait domains Negative Affectivity (d= 0.75) and Psychoticism (d = 0.80) discriminated patients with ICD-11 CPTSD from patients with PTSD. The PID-5 trait domain Detachment was moderately positively correlated to most of the ITQ symptom clusters and, the ITQ Negative Self-concept symptom cluster showed a relatively high number of significant correlations across all the PID-5 trait domains and facets. The PID-5 domain Negative Affectivity and almost all the encompassing facets were significantly correlated with DSO symptom clusters. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the relevance of applying dimensional assessment of personality features to study the psychopathology of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD and potential differences. The results suggest that CPTSD is a more debilitating disorder than PTSD considering the severity of the personality features.
Antecedentes: Las formulaciones del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y el trastorno de estrés postraumático complejo recientemente incluido (TEPTC) en la 11a edición de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11) no han sido evaluados en una amplia gama de rasgos de personalidad desadaptativos.Objetivo: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar el TEPT y el TEPTC de la CIE-11 sobre los rasgos de personalidad desadaptativos.Método: En un estudio transversal de 106 pacientes daneses ambulatorios con TEPT CIE-10, utilizamos el Cuestionario Internacional de Trauma (ITQ por sus siglas en inglés) para identificar a los pacientes con TEPT o TEPTC CIE-11 (N = 84). Utilizamos el Inventario de Personalidad para el DSM-5 (IPD-5) del modelo alternativo de trastornos de la personalidad en el DSM-5, sección III, para evaluar las diferencias de los rasgos de personalidad entre el TEPT de la CIE-11 y el TEPTC. Además, el IPD-5 también se utilizó para investigar relaciones entre los rasgos de personalidad y los grupos de síntomas de TEPT/TEPTC de la CIE-11. La Lista de verificación de eventos de vida se utilizó para evaluar experiencias traumáticas, y la Entrevista neuropsiquiátrica internacional MINI se aplicó para evaluar comorbilidad.Resultados: Los pacientes con TEPT o TEPTC según la CIE-11 tenían puntuaciones elevadas en los rasgos de personalidad indicativos de psicopatología internalizante. Sin embargo, los niveles más altos de deterioro en los dominios de rasgo Afectividad negativa (d = 0,75) y Psicoticismo (d = 0,80) discriminaron a los pacientes con TEPTC CIE-11 de los pacientes con TEPT. El dominio de rasgo Desapego del IPD-5 correlacionó moderadamente positivo con la mayoría de los grupos de síntomas de ITQ y el grupo de síntomas de autoconcepto negativo de ITQ mostró un número relativamente alto de correlaciones significativas a través de todos los dominios y facetas de rasgo IPD-5. El dominio IPD-5 afectividad negativa y casi todas las facetas que la abarcan se correlacionaron significativamente con los grupos de síntomas de DSO.Conclusiones: Los hallazgos demuestran la relevancia de aplicar la evaluación dimensional de las características de personalidad para estudiar la psicopatología del TEPT y TEPTC de la CIE-11 y las potenciales diferencias. Los resultados sugieren que el TEPTC es un trastorno más debilitante que el TEPT considerando la gravedad de las características de personalidad.
背景: 创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 和第11版《国际疾病分类》 (ICD-11) 中新增的复杂性PTSD (CPTSD) 的组成尚未针对广泛的适应不良人格特质进行评估。目的: 本研究旨在评估ICD-11 PTSD和CPTSD在适应不良人格特质上的作用。方法: 在一项针对106名丹麦ICD-10 PTSD门诊患者的横断面研究中, 我们使用了国际创伤问卷 (ITQ) 来确定患有ICD-11 PTSD或CPTSD的患者 (N = 84) 。我们使用了DSM-5第三部分中人格障碍的替代模式中的DSM-5人格量表 (PID-5) 来评估ICD-11 PTSD和CPTSD之间的人格特质差异。此外, PID-5还用于研究人格特质与ICD-11 PTSD/CPTSD症状簇之间的关系。生活事件清单用于评估创伤经历, MINI国际神经精神病访谈用于评估共病。结果: 患有ICD-11 PTSD或CPTSD的患者在表征内化心理疾病的人格特质得分较高。但是, 负性情感 (d = 0.75) 和精神质 (d = 0.80) 特质域的较高损伤水平将ICD-11 CPTSD患者与PTSD患者区分开。 PID-5分离特质域与大多数ITQ症状簇呈中等正相关, 而ITQ负面自我概念症状簇在所有PID-5特质域和层面中显示出相对较高的显著相关性。 PID-5域的负性情感域和几乎所有相关方面都与DSO症状簇显著相关。结论: 研究结果表明, 应用人格特征维度评估适于研究ICD-11 PTSD和CPTSD的心理病理学及其潜在差异。结果表明, 考虑到人格特征的严重程度, CPTSD是一种比PTSD更不利的疾病。.
Keywords: DSM-5; ICD-11; Maladaptive personality traits; PID-5; PTSD; complex PTSD.
© 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Conflict of interest statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.
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