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Review
. 2021 Aug;385(2):423-434.
doi: 10.1007/s00441-021-03454-3. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Immune-mediated entities of (primary) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Fabian Braun #  1 , Inka Homeyer #  2 , Nada Alachkar  3 , Tobias B Huber  2
Affiliations
Review

Immune-mediated entities of (primary) focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Fabian Braun et al. Cell Tissue Res. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) represents a glomerular scar formation downstream of various different mechanisms leading to podocytopathy and podocyte loss. Recently, significant advances were made in understanding genetic factors, podocyte intrinsic mechanisms, and adaptive mechanisms causing FSGS. However, while most cases of nephrotic FSGS are being treated with immunosuppressants, the underlying immune dysregulation, involved immune cells, and soluble factors are only incompletely understood. Thus, we here summarize the current knowledge of proposed immune effector cells, secreted soluble factors, and podocyte response in immune-mediated (primary) FSGS.

Keywords: Immune cell; Immune epithelial interaction; Podocyte; Primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis; Soluble factor.

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Conflict of interest statement

Tobias B. Huber declares advisory activities for Alexion, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer-Ingelheim, DaVita, Deerfield, Fresenius Medical Care/Unicyte, Goldfinch, Mantra Bio, Novartis and Travere. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Entities of podocyte injury besides systemic effects and proposed mechanisms in primary FSGS. Created with BioRender.com
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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