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. 2021 Aug;43(8):e12840.
doi: 10.1111/pim.12840. Epub 2021 May 10.

Resiniferatoxin promotes adult worm expulsion in Trichinella spiralis-infected rats by Th2 immune response modulation

José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo  1   2   3 , Oscar Gutiérrez-Coronado  4 , José Jesús Muñoz-Escobedo  5 , Juan Francisco Contreras-Cordero  2 , Claudia Maldonado-Tapia  1 , María Alejandra Moreno-García  1
Affiliations

Resiniferatoxin promotes adult worm expulsion in Trichinella spiralis-infected rats by Th2 immune response modulation

José Luis Muñoz-Carrillo et al. Parasite Immunol. 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Background: The immune response during T spiralis infection is characterized by an increase in eosinophils and mast cells, as well as Th2 cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-10 and IL-13, promoting T spiralis expulsion from the host. However, this response damages the host, favouring the parasite survival. In the search for new pharmacological strategies that protect against T spiralis infection, a recent study showed that treatment with resiniferatoxin (RTX) modulates the Th1 cytokines production, reducing muscle parasite burden.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of RTX treatment on the Th2 cytokines production, the number of eosinophils, mast cells and the intestinal expulsion of T spiralis.

Methods: Serum levels of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13 were quantified by ELISA; the number of eosinophils, mast cells and the adult worms of T spiralis in the small intestine was quantified.

Results: RTX treatment increased serum levels of IL-4, IL-10 and IL-13, and it decreases intestinal eosinophilia, however, favours the mastocytosis, promoting T spiralis intestinal expulsion.

Conclusions: These findings suggest that RTX is capable to modulate the Th2 immune response, promoting T spiralis expulsion, which contributes to the defence against T spiralis infection, placing the RTX as a potential immunomodulatory drug.

Keywords: Trichinella spiralis; Th2 cytokines; eosinophilia; mastocytosis; resiniferatoxin.

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