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. 2021 Apr 1;13(4):478.
doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040478.

Pharmacokinetic Changes According to Single or Multiple Oral Administrations of Socheongryong-Tang to Rats: Presented as a Typical Example of Changes in the Pharmacokinetics Following Multiple Exposures to Herbal Medicines

Seung-Hyun Jeong  1 , Ji-Hun Jang  1 , Da-Hwa Jung  2 , Guk-Yeo Lee  2 , Yong-Bok Lee  1
Affiliations

Pharmacokinetic Changes According to Single or Multiple Oral Administrations of Socheongryong-Tang to Rats: Presented as a Typical Example of Changes in the Pharmacokinetics Following Multiple Exposures to Herbal Medicines

Seung-Hyun Jeong et al. Pharmaceutics. .

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid after single or multiple doses of Socheongryong-tang (SCRT) were administered to rats, and to present an example of the pharmacokinetic changes following multiple doses of an herbal medicine. SCRT is a traditional herbal medicine that has been used clinically for a long time, and its main ingredients include ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid. However, studies on the pharmacokinetic properties of SCRT are insufficient, and particularly, no pharmacokinetic information has been reported for multiple doses. In this study, SCRT was administered orally to rats once or multiple times, and plasma sampled at different times was quantitatively analyzed for ephedrine, paeoniflorin, and cinnamic acid using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. There was a difference between the pharmacokinetic parameter values of each component (especially in paeoniflorin and cinnamic acid) obtained after single or multiple doses of SCRT. The actual observed values of each component obtained after multiple doses of SCRT were clearly different from the predicted results of multiple-dose simulations based on the pharmacokinetic profiles obtained after a single dose. The results confirmed that the plasma concentrations and, thus, exposures to paeoniflorin and cinnamic acid were significantly increased when SCRT was administered multiple times, whereas that of ephedrine was not. The results of this study are expected to provide useful pharmacokinetic data for the safety and efficacy evaluation of SCRT in the future and demonstrate the necessity of pharmacokinetic comparison studies according to single or multiple oral administrations of herbal medicines.

Keywords: Socheongryong-tang; cinnamic acid; ephedrine; paeoniflorin; pharmacokinetic.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of cinnamic acid, paeoniflorin, and ephedrine as analytes and diphenhydramine hydrochloride and geniposide as internal standards (ISs).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean plasma concentration–time profiles of ephedrine (A), paeoniflorin (B), and cinnamic acid (C) obtained after the single oral administration of Socheongryong-tang (SCRT) to rats (n = 5). The vertical bars represent standard deviations.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean plasma concentration–time profiles of ephedrine (A), paeoniflorin (B), and cinnamic acid (C) obtained after multiple oral administrations (from 0 to 120 h at 8 h intervals) of SCRT to rats (n = 5). The solid-line graphs are the simulation (mean value) graphs of multiple doses based on the single-dose (mean) data of SCRT. The black dots represent experimental observation values. The vertical bars represent standard deviations.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Mean plasma concentration–time profiles of ephedrine (A), paeoniflorin (B), and cinnamic acid (C) obtained after single (black-filled circles; from 0 to 12 h after dosing) or multiple (white-filled circles; from 120 to 132 h after dosing) oral administrations of SCRT to rats (n = 5). The vertical bars represent standard deviations. * p < 0.05 between the single and multiple administration groups.
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