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. 2021 Apr 23;22(9):4428.
doi: 10.3390/ijms22094428.

Biologically Active Compounds in Stizolophus balsamita Inflorescences: Isolation, Phytochemical Characterization and Effects on the Skin Biophysical Parameters

Joanna Nawrot  1 , Jaromir Budzianowski  2 , Gerard Nowak  1 , Iwona Micek  1 , Anna Budzianowska  2 , Justyna Gornowicz-Porowska  1
Affiliations

Biologically Active Compounds in Stizolophus balsamita Inflorescences: Isolation, Phytochemical Characterization and Effects on the Skin Biophysical Parameters

Joanna Nawrot et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Three germacranolides, as well as five flavonoids, natural steroid and simple phenolic compounds, were isolated from the inflorescence of Stizolophus balsamita growing in Iran. The paper presents active compounds found for the first time in the inflorescence of this species. The flavonoids, simple phenolic compounds and natural steroids have been isolated for the first time in the genus Stizolophus. The MTT assay was employed to study in vitro cytotoxic effects of the taxifolin against human fibroblasts. We also evaluate the possible biological properties/cosmetic effects of Stizolophus balsamita extract and taxifolin on the human skin. Sixty healthy Caucasian adult females with no dermatological diseases were investigated. We evaluate the effects of S. balsamita extract and taxifolin on skin hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL). It was revealed that S. balsamita extract might decrease TEWL level and fixed the barrier function of the epidermis. The presence of bioactive phytochemical constituents in S. balsamita inflorescences makes them a valuable and safe source for creating new cosmetics and medicines.

Keywords: Stizolophus balsamita; flavonoids; natural steroid; sesquiterpene lactones; simple phenolic compounds.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of compounds 1–11 (1—izospiciformin, 2—stizolin, 3—stizolicin, 4—quercetin, 5—kaempferol, 6—rhamnetin, 7—taxifolin (dihydroquercetin), 8—kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranoside, 9—ajugasterone C, 10—arbutin, 11—protocatechuic acid methyl ester).
Figure 2
Figure 2
The MTT cell viability assay on a human skin fibroblast cell line. The results are expressed as cell viability in different taxifolin concentrations.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The comparison of skin TEWL results between examined groups. The results are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). Descriptions: *—statistically significant for Stizolophus balsamita extract before and after treatment.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The comparison of skin hydration results between the examined groups. The results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation, SD (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between skin hydration measured before and after treatment in examined groups. Descriptions: AU—arbitrary unit.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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