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Meta-Analysis
. 2021 May 1;22(1):160.
doi: 10.1186/s12882-021-02351-9.

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on cardio-metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Siavash Fazelian  1 , Fatemeh Moradi  2 , Shahram Agah  3 , Akramsadat Hoseini  4 , Hafez Heydari  5 , Mojgan Morvaridzadeh  6 , Amirhosein Omidi  6 , Ana Beatriz Pizarro  7 , Atie Ghafouri  8 , Javad Heshmati  9
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on cardio-metabolic and oxidative stress parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Siavash Fazelian et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Background: Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) have been suggested as a beneficial supplement in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but the results of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate all the RCTs about the impact of omega-3 FAs supplementation on cardiometabolic outcomes and oxidative stress parameters in patients with CKD.

Methods: We performed a systematic database search in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central, up to May 2020. We included all placebo-controlled randomized trials that assessed the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on any cardiometabolic outcomes: blood pressure, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or triglycerides (TG) and oxidative stress parameters. Data were pooled using DerSimonian-Laird's random-effects model.

Results: Finally, thirteen articles met the inclusion criteria for this review omega-3 FAs supplementation significantly decrease TC (SMD: -0.26; 95% CI: - 0.51, - 0.02; I2 = 52.7%), TG (SMD: -0.22; 95% CI: - 0.43, - 0.02; I2 = 36.0%) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (SMD: -0.91; 95% CI: - 1.29, - 0.54; I2 = 00.0%) and also significantly increase superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.27, 0.90; I2 = 00.0%) and Glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (SMD: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.86; I2 = 00.0%) activities. However our results show that omega-3 FAs supplementation have no significant effects on HDL, LDL and blood pressure. Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis supports current evidence for the clinical benefit of omega-3 FAs intake to improve cardiometabolic parameters in CKD patients. However, well-designed RCTs still needed to provide a conclusive picture in this field.

Keywords: Blood lipids; CKD; Cardio-metabolic outcomes; Omega-3 FAs; Oxidative stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

All authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
PRISMA Flow diagram of study selection
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on SBP (a) and DBP (b) in CKD patients
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on TC (a) TG (b), HDL (c) and LDL (d) in CKD patients
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Forest plot of the effect of omega-3 FAs supplementation on oxidative stress parameters; GPx(a), SOD (b) and MDA (c)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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