Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Case Reports
. 2021 Feb 23;9(4):2040-2047.
doi: 10.1002/ccr3.3938. eCollection 2021 Apr.

A forgotten diagnosis in right heart failure: A case report and literature review

Azin Alizadehasl  1 , Bahar Galeshi  2 , Mehdi Peighambari  3 , Hamidreza Pouraliakbar  2 , Maryam Moradian  2 , Arash Hashemi  4
Affiliations
Case Reports

A forgotten diagnosis in right heart failure: A case report and literature review

Azin Alizadehasl et al. Clin Case Rep. .

Abstract

Carcinoid heart disease is a well-known complication of carcinoid syndrome that affects morbidity and mortality. Carcinoid heart disease may be asymptomatic in the early stages; therefore, patients with carcinoid syndrome should be screened to prevent misdiagnosis.

Keywords: carcinoid heart involvement; carcinoid syndrome; heart valve surgery; neuroendocrine tumor; right heart failure; tricuspid regurgitation.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The Authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Carcinoid syndrome and its complications
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Carcinoid heart disease. A, TTE in the 4‐chamber view shows RV and RA enlargement with thickened, retracted anterior and septal TV leaflets, leading to the malcoaptation of the TV leaflets. B, RV‐inflow tract view in TTE shows thickened and shortened anterior and posterior leaflets on TV. C, Color Doppler study shows severe free tricuspid regurgitation. D, Doppler profiles shows classical “dagger‐shaped” and low‐pressure TR. E, Parasternal short‐axis view shows thickened, retracted TV leaflets. F, Doppler profile shows severe PI in color Doppler study with short PHT of PI. G, Three‐dimensional TEE shows thickened and malcoapted TV leaflets with a fixed systolic defect in systole. H, Cardiac MRI shows carcinoid involvement of TV leaflets. I, Multiple liver metastases of gastrointestinal tumors are visualized herein. TTE, Transthoracic echocardiography; RV, Right ventricle; RA, Right atrium; TV, Tricuspid valve; TR, Tricuspid regurgitation; PV, Pulmonary valve, PI, Pulmonary insufficiency; PHT, Pressure half‐time; MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Davar J, Connolly HM, Caplin ME, et al. Diagnosing and managing carcinoid heart disease in patients with neuroendocrine tumors: an expert statement. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;69(10):1288‐1304. - PubMed
    1. Khay K, Arous S, Bentaoune T, Drighil A, Habbal R. Carcinoid heart disease revealed by cyanosis with both right and left valvular involvement: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2018;12(1):23. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ram P, Penalver JL, Lo KBU, Rangaswami J, Pressman GS. Carcinoid heart disease: review of current knowledge. Tex Heart Inst J. 2019;46(1):21‐27. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hassan SA, Palaskas NL, Agha AM, et al. Carcinoid heart disease: a comprehensive review. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2019;21(11):140. - PubMed
    1. Sadeghpour A, Alizadehasl A, Azizi Z, Ghavidel AA. Tricuspid regurgitation dilemma: a comparison study between surgical versus medical management of patients with tricuspid regurgitation. Multidiscip Cardiovasc Ann. 2016;7(1):e9469.

Publication types

LinkOut - more resources