Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2021;7(2):85-94.
doi: 10.1007/s40778-021-00188-4. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Preclinical Studies and Clinical Prospects of Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSC for Treatment of Acute Radiation Syndrome

Mayuri Bandekar  1   2 , Dharmendra K Maurya  1   3 , Deepak Sharma  1   3 , Santosh K Sandur  1   3
Affiliations
Review

Preclinical Studies and Clinical Prospects of Wharton's Jelly-Derived MSC for Treatment of Acute Radiation Syndrome

Mayuri Bandekar et al. Curr Stem Cell Rep. 2021.

Abstract

Purpose of review: Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) have received widespread attention from researchers owing to the remarkable benefits offered by these cells over other stem cells. The primitive nature of WJ-MSCs, ease of isolation, differentiation ability, and immuno-modulatory nature make these cells superior to bone marrow MSCs and ideal to treat various human ailments. This review explores ability of WJ-MSCs to mitigate acute radiation syndrome caused by planned or unplanned radiation exposure.

Recent findings: Recent reports suggest that WJ-MSCs home to damaged tissues in irradiated host and mitigate radiation induced damage to radiosensitive tissues such as hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. WJ-MSCs and conditioned media were found to protect mice from radiation induced mortality and also prevent radiation dermatitis. Local irradiation-induced lung toxicity in mice was significantly reduced by CXCR4 over-expressing WJ-MSCs.

Summary: Emerging evidences support safety and effectiveness of WJ-MSCs for treatment of acute radiation syndrome and lung injury after planned or accidental exposure. Additionally, conditioned media collected after culturing WJ-MSCs can also be used for mitigation of radiation dermatitis. Clinical translation of these findings would be possible after careful evaluation of resilience, effectiveness, and molecular mechanism of action of xenogeneic WJ-MSCs in non-human primates.

Keywords: Acute radiation syndrome; Conditioned-media; G-CSF; Nrf-2; Radiation dermatitis; Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interestsThe authors declare no conflicts interests.

Figures

Scheme 1
Scheme 1
Mechanism of therapeutic radioprotection by WJ-MSCs
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Bacakova L, Zarubova J, Travnickova M, Musilkova J, Pajorova J, Slepicka P, et al. Stem cells: their source, potency and use in regenerative therapies with focus on adipose-derived stem cells - a review. Biotechnol Adv. 2018;36(4):1111–1126. doi: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.03.011. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Gabut M, Bourdelais F, Durand S. Ribosome and translational control in stem cells. Cells. 2020;9(2). 10.3390/cells9020497. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Weissman IL. Stem cells: units of development, units of regeneration, and units in evolution. Cell. 2000;100(1):157–168. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81692-x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Shamblott MJ, Axelman J, Wang S, Bugg EM, Littlefield JW, Donovan PJ, et al. Derivation of pluripotent stem cells from cultured human primordial germ cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95(23):13726–13731. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.23.13726. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Zuk PA, Zhu M, Ashjian P, De Ugarte DA, Huang JI, Mizuno H, et al. Human adipose tissue is a source of multipotent stem cells. Mol Biol Cell. 2002;13(12):4279–4295. doi: 10.1091/mbc.e02-02-0105. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources