Interpersonal and intrapersonal predictors of suicidal thoughts and actions in first-year college students

Abstract

Objective: The aim was to determine the unique predictors of suicide risk in first-year college students.

Participants: First-year students (N = 665) at a Midwestern university participated.

Methods: An online survey assessed Joiner's interpersonal factors (i.e., thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability) as well as intrapersonal factors (i.e., perfectionism, self-compassion, emotional intelligence/reactivity, and growth mindset) often associated with suicidal thoughts and actions.

Results: Linear regression indicated that the factor set significantly predicted thoughts, F (12, 632) = 114.90, p < .000, R² = .680, and actions, F (12, 632) = 58.42, p < .000, R² = .526. Perceived burdensomeness, acquired capability, and underrepresented sexual orientation were positive predictors of both thoughts and actions, whereas growth mindset was a negative predictor of thoughts and stressful life events was a positive predictor of actions.

Conclusion: The results offer direction for evidence-informed interventions aimed at reducing suicide risk in first-year college students.

Keywords: First-year college students; suicidal actions; suicidal thoughts; suicide.