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. 2021 Apr 30;26(9):2621.
doi: 10.3390/molecules26092621.

Drying Effects on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Lippia thymoides Essential Oil, a Natural Source of Thymol

Lidiane Diniz do Nascimento  1   2 , Sebastião Gomes Silva  3 , Márcia Moraes Cascaes  4 , Kauê Santana da Costa  5 , Pablo Luis Baia Figueiredo  6 , Cristiane Maria Leal Costa  7 , Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade  2   4 , Lênio José Guerreiro de Faria  1   7
Affiliations

Drying Effects on Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Lippia thymoides Essential Oil, a Natural Source of Thymol

Lidiane Diniz do Nascimento et al. Molecules. .

Abstract

Leaves of Lippia thymoides (Verbenaceae) were dried in an oven at 40, 50 and 60 °C and the kinetic of drying and the influence of the drying process on the chemical composition, yield, and DPPH radical scavenging activity of the obtained essential oils were evaluated. The composition of the essential oils was determined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection analyses. The influence of drying on the chemical composition of the essential oils of L. thymoides was evaluated by multivariate analysis, and their antioxidant activity was investigated via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The Midilli model was the most appropriate to describe the behavior of drying kinetic data of L. thymoides leaves. Thymol was the major compound for all analyzed conditions; the maximum content was obtained from fresh leaves (62.78 ± 0.63%). The essential oils showed DPPH radical scavenging activity with an average of 73.10 ± 12.08%, and the fresh leaves showed higher inhibition (89.97 ± 0.31%). This is the first study to evaluate the influence of drying on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of L. thymoides essential oils rich in thymol.

Keywords: DPPH; drying kinetics; multivariate analysis; thymol; yield.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Values of moisture ratio versus time in thin-layer drying of Lippia thymoides leaves, adjusted using the Midilli model.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Multivariate analysis using data from the chemical composition of essential oils obtained from fresh and dried Lippia thymoides leaves. (A) Principal component analysis (PCA); MonHyd: Monoterpene hydrocarbons; OxygSesq: Oxygenated sesquiterpene; OxygMon: Oxygenated monoterpenes; SesqHyd: Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. (B) Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). The dashed green lines indicate the identified groupings.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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