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. 2021 Apr 30:7:31.
doi: 10.18332/tpc/133008. eCollection 2021.

Correlation between tobacco control policies and mortality of haematological cancers across Europe: An ecological study

Dipal Mehta  1 , Rory Dennis  2 , Susanna Nallamilli  3 , Mathew Vithayathil  4   5   6 , Jose María Martínez-Sánchez  5   7
Affiliations

Correlation between tobacco control policies and mortality of haematological cancers across Europe: An ecological study

Dipal Mehta et al. Tob Prev Cessat. .

Abstract

Introduction: To determine the correlation between tobacco control policies and mortality of haematological malignancies: leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: Ecological study with the countries as the unit of analysis. Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) scores from 2010, 2013 and 2016 were used as measures for the level of tobacco control policy implementation in 27 European countries. Mortality rates for leukemia, lymphoma, and MM, were obtained from the WHO Mortality Database and the European Cancer Information System for each country for 2010, 2013, 2015 and 2018. Correlation between yearly TCS scores and mortality rates from the same and prospective years were calculated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients (rsp) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) (2010 TCS scores vs 2010, 2013, 2015, 2018 mortality rates; 2013 TCS scores vs 2013, 2015, 2018 mortality rates; and 2016 TCS scores vs 2018 mortality rates).

Results: The 2010 TCS scores were significantly negatively associated with leukemia mortality rates in 2013 (rsp=-0.58; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.24; p=0.002), 2015 (rsp=-0.65; 95% CI: -0.85, -0.30; p=0.001) and 2018 (rsp=-0.44; 95% CI: -0.71, -0.06; p=0.021). TCS scores from 2013 and 2016 had significant negative associations with leukemia mortality in all prospective years. TCS scores did not demonstrate consistent correlations with lymphoma and MM mortality.

Conclusions: The level of tobacco control policies in European countries correlates negatively with leukemia mortality at ecological level, with no correlation seen for lymphoma and MM. This study advocates that increased tobacco control implementation may improve leukemia mortality.

Keywords: Europe; cancer; leukemia; multiple myeloma; non-Hodgkin lymphoma; tobacco control.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest and none was reported.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Linear regression beta coefficients and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) representing change in leukemia age-standardised mortality rates (2010, 2013, 2015, 2018) per 10-point increase in Tobacco Control Scale (TCS) score (2010, 2013, 2016) in 27 European countries
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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