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Review
. 2021 Aug;99(8):1043-1055.
doi: 10.1007/s00109-021-02075-1. Epub 2021 May 5.

Non-coding RNAs in Wilms' tumor: biological function, mechanism, and clinical implications

Bruna Maria de Sá Pereira  1 , Rafaela Montalvão de Azevedo  1   2 , João Victor da Silva Guerra  3   4 , Paulo A Faria  1 , Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima  1 , Beatriz De Camargo  1 , Mariana Maschietto  5   6
Affiliations
Review

Non-coding RNAs in Wilms' tumor: biological function, mechanism, and clinical implications

Bruna Maria de Sá Pereira et al. J Mol Med (Berl). 2021 Aug.

Abstract

Non-coding RNAs are involved with maintenance and regulation of physiological mechanisms and are involved in pathological processes, such as cancer. Among the small ncRNAs, miRNAs are the most explored in tumorigenesis, metastasis development, and resistance to chemotherapy. These small molecules of ~ 22 nucleotides are modulated during early renal development, involved in the regulation of gene expression and Wilms' tumor progression. Wilms' tumors are embryonic tumors with few mutations and complex epigenetic dysregulation. In recent years, the small ncRNAs have been explored as potentially related both in physiological development and in the tumorigenesis of several types of cancer. Besides, genes regulated by miRNAs are related to biological pathways as PI3K, Wnt, TGF-β, and Hippo signaling pathways, among others, which may be involved with the underlying mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy, and in this way, it has emerged as potential targets for cancer therapies, including for Wilms' tumors.

Keywords: Cell signaling pathways; Gene expression regulation; MicroRNAs; Small non-coding RNAs; Wilms’ tumor.

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