Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Tamer A Gheita¹, Rasha Abdel Noor², Esam Abualfadl^{3

4}, Osama S Abousehly³, Iman I El-Gazzar¹, Rawhya R El Shereef⁵, Soha Senara⁶, Ahmed M Abdalla⁷, Noha M Khalil⁸, Ahmed M ElSaman³, Samar Tharwat⁹, Samah I Nasef¹⁰, Eman F Mohamed¹¹, Nermeen Noshy¹², Dina F El-Essawi¹³, Abdel Hafeez Moshrif¹⁴, Rasha M Fawzy¹⁵, Amany R El-Najjar¹⁶, Nevin Hammam^{17

18}, Faten Ismail⁵, Marwa ElKhalifa¹⁹, Nermeen Samy¹², Eman Hassan¹⁹, Nouran M Abaza²⁰, Emad ElShebini²¹, Hanan M Fathi⁶, Mohamed N Salem²², Yousra H Abdel-Fattah²³, Ehab Saad²⁴, Mervat I Abd Elazim²⁵, Nahla N Eesa¹, Amany S El-Bahnasawy²⁶, Dina H El-Hammady²⁷, Amira T El-Shanawany²⁸, Soha E Ibrahim²⁰, Emtethal A Said¹⁵, Hanan M El-Saadany²⁹, Zahraa I Selim¹⁷, Samar M Fawzy¹, Hala A Raafat¹

Affiliations

¹ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.
³ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
⁴ Qena/Luxor Hospitals, Qena, Egypt.
⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
⁸ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
⁹ Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
¹⁰ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez-Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
¹¹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
¹² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
¹³ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
¹⁴ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.
¹⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Kalubia, Egypt.
¹⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt.
¹⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt.
¹⁸ Rheumatology Department, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
²⁰ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
²¹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
²² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
²³ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
²⁴ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
²⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
²⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
²⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
²⁸ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
²⁹ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.

PMID: 33951965
DOI: 10.1177/09612033211014253

Comparative Study

Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Tamer A Gheita et al. Lupus. 2021 Aug.

. 2021 Aug;30(9):1526-1535.

doi: 10.1177/09612033211014253. Epub 2021 May 6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.
³ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
⁴ Qena/Luxor Hospitals, Qena, Egypt.
⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt.
⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt.
⁸ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
⁹ Rheumatology Unit, Internal Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
¹⁰ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez-Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
¹¹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
¹² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
¹³ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
¹⁴ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt.
¹⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Kalubia, Egypt.
¹⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharkia, Egypt.
¹⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt.
¹⁸ Rheumatology Department, University of California San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
²⁰ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
²¹ Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
²² Internal Medicine Department, Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
²³ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
²⁴ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
²⁵ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
²⁶ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Dakahlia, Egypt.
²⁷ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.
²⁸ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufiya University, Menoufiya, Egypt.
²⁹ Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Gharbia, Egypt.

PMID: 33951965
DOI: 10.1177/09612033211014253

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to present the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and treatment pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in Egyptian patients over the country and compare the findings to large cohorts worldwide. Objectives were extended to focus on the age at onset and gender driven influence on the disease characteristics.

Patients and method: This population-based, multicenter, cross-sectional study included 3661 adult SLE patients from Egyptian rheumatology departments across the nation. Demographic, clinical, and therapeutic data were assessed for all patients.

Results: The study included 3661 patients; 3296 females and 365 males (9.03:1) and the median age was 30 years (17-79 years), disease duration 4 years (0-75 years) while the median age at disease onset was 25 years (4-75 years). The overall estimated prevalence of adult SLE in Egypt was 6.1/100,000 population (1.2/100,000 males and 11.3/100,000 females).There were 316 (8.6%) juvenile-onset (Jo-SLE) and 3345 adult-onset (Ao-SLE). Age at onset was highest in South and lowest in Cairo (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: SLE in Egypt had a wide variety of clinical and immunological manifestations, with some similarities with that in other nations and differences within the same country. The clinical characteristics, autoantibodies and comorbidities are comparable between Ao-SLE and Jo-SLE. The frequency of various clinical and immunological manifestations varied between gender. Additional studies are needed to determine the underlying factors contributing to gender and age of onset differences.

Keywords: Age at onset; Egypt; gender; multicenter; prevalence; systemic lupus erythematosus.

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Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Affiliations

Adult systemic lupus erythematosus in Egypt: The nation-wide spectrum of 3661 patients and world-wide standpoint

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Other Literature Sources

Medical