Recent Progress in the Diagnosis and Precise Nanocarrier-Mediated Therapy of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abstract

The effective colon drug delivery remains to be an international frontier research in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) therapy. The exploration and research of nanocarrier-based nanomedicine with great potential brings new opportunities for IBD therapy and diagnoses. Functional nanocarriers with varying morphology and characteristics can not only effectively avoid the destruction of the complex gastrointestinal (GI) tract microenvironment but also endow drugs with target therapy and improved bioavailability, thus elevating therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we illustrated several challenges in IBD therapy, then emphasis on some latest research progress of nanoparticles based therapy of oral administration, rectal administration and parenteral administration, as well as IBD diagnoses. Finally, we described the future perspective of nanocarriers in the treatment and diagnoses of IBD.

Keywords: diagnose; drug delivery system; gastrointestinal tract microenvironment; inflammatory bowel disease; precise therapy.

Figure 1

Nanoparticles that is suitable for drug delivery, including lipid nanoparticles, polymer nanoparticles, mesoporous nanoparticles, chitosan nanoparticles, hydrogel nanoparticles and metal nanoparticles.

Figure 2

Schematic illustration of GIT microenvironment-based target drug delivery.

Figure 3

Schematic illustration of the scheme of inflammation-targeting in IBD. Through oral administration and rectal administration (I.V. administration are not depicted here), nanoparticles target the inflamed colon by mechanisms mediated by size (A), charge (B), ligand-receptor (C), pH (D), ROS (E), GSH and enzyme (F).