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. 2021 May 18;10(10):e019513.
doi: 10.1161/JAHA.120.019513. Epub 2021 May 7.

Funding of Studies Supporting IA Guideline Recommendations in Cardiovascular Medicine-A Systematic Review

Emily P Zeitler  1   2   3 , Alessio Gasperetti  4 , Shayne E Dodge  1   2 , Lauren B Cooper  5 , Aaron V Kaplan  1   2
Affiliations

Funding of Studies Supporting IA Guideline Recommendations in Cardiovascular Medicine-A Systematic Review

Emily P Zeitler et al. J Am Heart Assoc. .

Abstract

Each guideline recommendation from the American Heart Association and the American College of Cardiology includes an indication of the level of supporting evidence and the associated strength of recommendation with "IA" recommendations representing those with the highest quality supporting evidence and the least amount of uncertainty for benefit. In this analysis, study type and funding sources were systematically tabulated across these IA guideline recommendations over the past 5 years. Nearly half of studies supporting IA guideline recommendations were randomized controlled trials (45%). Overall, about one third of studies supporting IA recommendations were publicly funded (34.9%) with slightly more funded through industry sources (43.5%). Funding sources varied based on the type of intervention being studied with randomized controlled trials of device, diagnostic, and pharmacological interventions reflecting predominantly industry-funded studies. Over time, studies supporting IA cardiology guideline are funded by industry about twice as often as public sources. Thus, data of adequate quality to support cardiovascular guideline recommendations come from a variety of sources.

Keywords: guideline; randomized controlled trial; systematic review.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. Distribution of funding sources for articles supporting IA recommendations in cardiovascular guideline documents 2014 to 2019 overall and by recommendation type.
NIH indicates National Institutes of Health.
Figure 2
Figure 2. Distribution of funding sources for randomized controlled trial articles supporting IA recommendations in cardiovascular guideline documents 2014​ to 2019 overall and by recommendation type.
There were no studies funded by professional societies in this cohort. NIH indicates National Institutes of Health; and RCTs, randomized controlled trials.
Figure 3
Figure 3. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) supporting IA recommendations in cardiovascular guideline documents by funding source and year of publication over time.
NIH indicates National Institutes of Health.
Figure 4
Figure 4. Cumulative randomized controlled trials (RCTs) over time supporting IA guideline recommendations by publication year and funding source.
NIH indicates National Institutes of Health.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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