Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2021 Dec;18(6):862-873.
doi: 10.1111/iwj.13588. Epub 2021 May 7.

Effectiveness of skin cleanser and protectant regimen on incontinence-associated dermatitis outcomes in acute care patients: A cluster randomised trial

George Frederick Glass Jr  1 , Cheng Cheng Karine Goh  2 , Run Qi Cheong  1 , Zhi Lei Ong  1 , Peck Chui Betty Khong  2 , Ee-Yuee Chan  1   3
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Effectiveness of skin cleanser and protectant regimen on incontinence-associated dermatitis outcomes in acute care patients: A cluster randomised trial

George Frederick Glass Jr et al. Int Wound J. 2021 Dec.

Erratum in

  • Corrigendum.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] Int Wound J. 2022 Nov;19(7):1955. doi: 10.1111/iwj.13826. Int Wound J. 2022. PMID: 36305527 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Skin cleansers and protectants protect skin from incontinent matter to reduce the risk of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD), but their effectiveness treating established IAD in the tropics is unknown. We conducted an open-label cluster randomised trial to compare the effectiveness of a combined regimen of (1) specialised skin cleansers with disposable body wipes and (2) either an acrylic terpolymer (T1) or zinc oxide (T2) skin protectant against disposable body wipes and zinc oxide protectant (control) in promoting IAD healing and reducing the risk of deterioration. Eighty-four patients were recruited in a tertiary hospital in Singapore between April 2019 and January 2020 (T1: n = 23; T2: n = 37; Control: n = 24). Although not statistically significant, patients treated with T1 and T2 were 1.5 times as likely to experience IAD healing within seven days compared with the control (P = .66). Healing was more pronounced in participants with skin loss treated with T1 or T2. No treatment was superior in preventing IAD deterioration, the prevalence of which remained small (8%-14%). While skin cleaning and protectants reduced the overall risk of skin deterioration, the addition of skin cleansers enhanced IAD healing within a short period, an important consideration for future research examining IAD treatment in acute care.

Keywords: dermatitis; dermatologic agents; incontinence-associated dermatitis; irritant; wound healing.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Summary of treatment received in arms
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
CONSORT flow chart of study participants
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Kaplan‐Meier distribution curve of incontinence‐associated dermatitis (IAD) healing by treatment arm
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Beele H, Smet S, Van Damme N, Beeckman D. Incontinence‐associated dermatitis: pathogenesis, contributing factors, prevention and management options. Drugs Aging. 2018;35(1):1‐10. - PubMed
    1. Pather P, Hines S. Best practice nursing care for ICU patients with incontinence‐associated dermatitis and skin complications resulting from faecal incontinence and diarrhoea. Int J Evid Based Healthc. 2016;14(1):15‐23. - PubMed
    1. Junkin J, Selekof JL. Prevalence of incontinence and associated skin injury in the acute care inpatient. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2007;34(3):260‐269. - PubMed
    1. Van Damme N, Van den Bussche K, De Meyer D, Van Hecke A, Verhaeghe S, Beeckman D. Independent risk factors for the development of skin erosion due to incontinence (incontinence‐associated dermatitis category 2) in nursing home residents: results from a multivariate binary regression analysis. Int Wound J. 2017;14(5):801‐810. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Voegeli D. Prevention and management of incontinence‐associated dermatitis. Br J Nurs. 2017;26(20):1128‐1132. - PubMed

Publication types