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Review
. 2021 Jul 30;27(3):337-346.
doi: 10.5056/jnm20140.

Emergence of Celiac disease and Gluten-related disorders in Asia

Srikant Mohta  1 , Mahendra S Rajput  1 , Vineet Ahuja  1 , Govind K Makharia  1
Affiliations
Review

Emergence of Celiac disease and Gluten-related disorders in Asia

Srikant Mohta et al. J Neurogastroenterol Motil. .

Abstract

Celiac disease (CeD) is a systemic, immune-mediated enteropathy, which is triggered by gluten protein in genetically susceptible individuals. CeD, once thought to be an uncommon disease, is now recognized to affect approximately 40-60 million people globally. While CeD is now well reported from a few Asian countries such as India, China, Pakistan, and Middle Eastern countries; it is still believed to be uncommon in the rest of Asia. Gluten-related diseases other than CeD, like non-celiac gluten sensitivity (NCGS) are also emerging globally. CeD and NCGS may present with either intestinal or extra-intestinal symptoms, and a proportion of them have overlapping symptoms with irritable bowel syndrome. Hence, many of them are misdiagnosed as having irritable bowel syndrome in clinical practice. In this review, we discuss the emergence of CeD and other gluten-related disorders, both globally and in Asia, the overlapping manifestations between gluten-related disorders and irritable bowel syndrome, and the challenges associated with diagnosis and management of CeD in Asia.

Keywords: Epidemiology; Glutens; India; Irritable bowel syndrome; Non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of interest: None.

Figures

Figure
Figure
Map of Asia showing population prevalence of Celiac disease across Asia.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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