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. 2021 Apr;55(2):86-95.
doi: 10.1007/s13139-020-00680-5. Epub 2021 Jan 11.

Development of GATE Monte Carlo Code for Simulation and Dosimetry of New I-125 Seeds in Eye Plaque Brachytherapy

Payvand Taherparvar  1 , Zeinab Fardi  1
Affiliations

Development of GATE Monte Carlo Code for Simulation and Dosimetry of New I-125 Seeds in Eye Plaque Brachytherapy

Payvand Taherparvar et al. Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2021 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: Dose distributions are calculated by Monte Carlo (MC) simulations for two low-energy models 125I brachytherapy source-IrSeed-125 and IsoAid Advantage (model IAI-125A)-loaded in the 14-mm standardized plaque of the COMS during treatment of choroid melanoma.

Methods: In this study, at first, the radial dose function in water around 125I brachytherapy sources was calculated based on the recommendations of the Task Group No. 43 American Association of Physicists in Medicine (TG-43U1 APPM) using by GATE code. Then, brachytherapy dose distribution of a new model of the human eye was investigated for a 14-mm COMS eye plaque loaded with these sources with GATE Monte Carlo simulation.

Results: Results show that there are good agreements between simulation results of these sources and reporting measurements and simulations. Dosimetry results in the designed eye phantom for two types of iodine seeds show that the ratios of average dose of tumor to sclera, vitreous, and retina for IrSeed (IsoAid) source are 3.7 (3.7), 6.2 (6.1), and 6.3 (6.3), respectively, which represents the dose saving to healthy tissues. The maximum percentage differences between DVH curve of IsoAid and IrSeed seeds was about 8%.

Conclusions: Our simulation results show that although new model of the 125I brachytherapy source having a slightly larger dimension than IAI-125A, it can be used for eye melanoma treatment because the COMS eye plaque loaded with IrSeed-125 could produce similar results to the IsoAid seeds, which is applicable for clinical plaque brachytherapy for uveal melanoma.

Keywords: Brachytherapy; GATE Monte Carlo; Low-energy sources; Ocular melanoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of InterestPayvand Taherparvar and Zeinab Fardi declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Three sections (transverse, coronal, and sagittal) of the eye model and tumor in this study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
a Schematic model of a 14-mm COMS plaque with 13 brachytherapy seeds simulated with GATE. b Demonstration of the 14-mm eye plaque located on the outer surface of the eye-voxelized phantom
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Geometric diagram of the two models of 125I brachytherapy sources simulated by GATE 8.2 code a IsoAid Advantage 125I and b IrSeed-125
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Comparison of the radial dose function obtained from GATE 8.2 code and other experimental and calculated results for a IrSeed-125 source and b IsoAid Advantage 125I sources
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The plaque central axis depth-dose curves due to IrSeed-125 and IsoAid Advantage 125I seeds
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Lateral dose distributions calculated using GATE for the plaque with IrSeed and IsoAid brachytherapy sources
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
DVH of the tumor for the plaque with IrSeed and IsoAid brachytherapy sources
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Central cross section of voxelized eye model, which is fused by related absorbed dose distribution for a IsoAid and b IrSeed-125 sources
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