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Observational Study
. 2021 Sep;116(3):731-740.
doi: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.04.005. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Perinatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction technology in SARS-CoV-2-infected women: a prospective observational study

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Observational Study

Perinatal outcomes of pregnancies resulting from assisted reproduction technology in SARS-CoV-2-infected women: a prospective observational study

Virginia Engels Calvo et al. Fertil Steril. 2021 Sep.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the perinatal and maternal outcomes of pregnancies in women infected with SARS-CoV-2, comparing spontaneous and in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancies (with either own or donor oocytes).

Design: Multicenter, prospective, observational study.

Setting: 78 centers participating in the Spanish COVID19 Registry.

Patient(s): 1,347 pregnant women with SARS-CoV-2 positive results registered consecutively between February 26 and November 5, 2020.

Intervention(s): The patients' information was collected from their medical records, and multivariable regression analyses were performed, controlling for maternal age and the clinical presentation of the infection.

Main outcome measure(s): Obstetrics and neonatal outcomes, pregnancy comorbidities, intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation need, and medical conditions.

Result(s): The IVF group included 74 (5.5%) women whereas the spontaneous pregnancy group included 1,275 (94.5%) women. The operative delivery rate was high in all patients, especially in the IVF group, where cesarean section became the most frequent method of delivery (55.4%, compared with 26.1% of the spontaneous pregnancy group). The reason for cesarean section was induction failure in 56.1% of the IVF patients. IVF women had more gestational hypertensive disorders (16.2% vs. 4.5% among spontaneous pregnancy women, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 5.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45-10.93) irrespective of oocyte origin. The higher rate of intensive care unit admittance observed in the IVF group (8.1% vs. 2.4% in the spontaneous pregnancy group) was attributed to preeclampsia (aOR 11.82, 95% CI 5.25-25.87), not to the type of conception.

Conclusion(s): A high rate of operative delivery was observed in pregnant women infected with SARS-CoV-2, especially in those with IVF pregnancies; method of conception did not affect fetal or maternal outcomes, except for preeclampsia.

Clinical trial registration number: NCT04558996.

Resultados perinatales en embarazos resultante de técnicas de reproducción asistida en mujeres infectadas con SARS-CoV-2: un estudio observacional prospectivo.

Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados perinatales y maternos de los embarazos en mujeres infectadas con SARS-CoV-2, comparando embarazos espontáneos con los de fecundación in vitro (FIV) (con ovocitos propios o de donantes).

Diseño: Estudio observacional, prospectivo, multicéntrico.

Entorno: 78 centros participantes en el Registro Español COVID19

Paciente (s): 1347 mujeres embarazadas con resultados positivos de SARS-CoV-2 registrados consecutivamente entre el 26 de febrero y el 5 de noviembre de 2020.

Intervención (es: ): La información de las pacientes se recopiló de sus registros médicos y se realizaron análisis de regresión multivariable, controlado por edad materna y presentación clínica de la infección.

Principales medidas de resultado: resultados obstétricos y neonatales, comorbilidades gestacionales, ingreso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos, necesidad de ventilación y condiciones médicas.

Resultado (s): El grupo de FIV incluyó 74 (5,5%) mujeres, mientras que el grupo de embarazo espontáneo incluyó a 1275 (94,5%) mujeres. La tasa de partos intervenidos quirúrgicamente fue alta en todas las pacientes, especialmente en el grupo de FIV, donde la cesárea se convirtió en el método más frecuente de parto (55,4%, en comparación con 26,1% del grupo de embarazo espontáneo). El motivo de la cesárea fue el fracaso de la inducción en 56,1% de las pacientes de FIV. Las mujeres con FIV tenían más trastornos hipertensivos gestacionales (16,2% frente a 4,5% entre las mujeres con embarazos espontáneos, con la Odd ratio ajustada [ORa] 5,31, intervalo de confianza [IC] del 95%: 2,45-10,93) independientemente del origen del ovocito. La mayor tasa de ingreso a la unidad de cuidados intensivos observada en el grupo de FIV (8,1% frente a 2,4% en el grupo de embarazo espontáneo) se atribuyó a la preeclampsia (ORa 11,82; IC del 95%: 5,25 a 25,87), y no al tipo de concepción.

Conclusión (es): Se observó una alta tasa de parto intervenido quirúrgicamente en mujeres embarazadas infectadas con SARS-CoV-2, especialmente en aquellas con gestaciones de FIV; el método de concepción no afectó los resultados maternos o fetales, excepto en el caso de la preeclampsia.

Keywords: COVID-19; assisted reproduction; cohort study; intensive care unit; pregnancy.

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Figures

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Supplemental Figure 1
Flow chart of the study data.

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References

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