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Observational Study
. 2021 Jun;33(3):174-180.

Biological markers and follow-up after discharge home of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

[Article in English, Spanish]
Affiliations
  • PMID: 33978330
Free article
Observational Study

Biological markers and follow-up after discharge home of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

[Article in English, Spanish]
Sonia Gutiérrez Gabriel et al. Emergencias. 2021 Jun.
Free article

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to analyze the clinical course of patients discharged from our emergency departament (ED) with pneumonia symptoms compatible with a diagnosis of COVID-19.

Material and methods: We followed 102 patients discharged home with a diagnosis of pneumonia compatible with COVID19 between March 12 and 21, 2020, in our hospital in the southern part of the autonomous community of Madrid. Descriptive statistics (medians and interquartile ranges or frequencies, as appropriate) were compiled for the main variables. Treatments and prognoses were compared with 􀁆2, Kruskal-Wallis, or Mann-Whitney tests. The data then underwent logistic regression analysis.

Results: Most patients (accounting for 74.5% of the discharges) were treated with hydroxychloroquine alone. The readmission rate was 15.7%; the ED revisiting rate was 25.7%. Admission was associated with an elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level (P=.011), elevated creatine kinase (CK) (P=.004), and lymphopenia (P=.034). Hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were also related to admission. Ischemic heart disease was associated with longer duration of symptoms.

Conclusion: Lymphopenia, and elevated LDH and CK levels predicted the need for hospital admission better than other traditional biological markers in patients with mild to moderate symptoms. Telephone follow-up proved useful for dealing with the overloading of health care services.

Objetivo: Analizar la evolución de los pacientes que fueron dados de alta del servicio de urgencias (SU) con neumonía compatible con COVID-19.

Metodo: Se realiza el seguimiento de 102 pacientes dados de alta desde SU con diagnóstico de neumonía compatible con COVID-19 entre el 12 y el 21 de marzo de 2020 en un hospital del sur de Madrid. Se describen las principales variables utilizando mediana e intervalo intercuartil o usando frecuencias, según corresponda. La comparación entre tratamientos/pronóstico se realizó utilizando el test ji cuadrado, el test de Kruskal Wallis o el test de Mann-Whitney. Finalmente, se realizó un modelo de regresión logística.

Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes (74,5%) fueron tratados con hidroxicloroquina en monoterapia. La tasa de reingreso fue de 15,7% y de revisita a urgencias de 25,7%. El ingreso se relacionó con un LDL (lactato deshidrogenasa) elevado (p = 0,011), creatincinasa (CK) elevada (p = 0,004) y linfopenia (p = 0,034). La hipertensión y la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica se relacionaron con el ingreso, y la cardiopatía isquémica fue la comorbilidad que se asoció a mayor duración de la sintomatología.

Conclusiones: La linfopenia, LDH y CK pronosticaron mejor la necesidad de ingreso que otros marcadores clásicos en pacientes con clínica leve-moderada. El seguimiento telefónico demostró ser de utilidad ante la sobrecarga de recursos sanitarios.

Keywords: COVID-19.; Clinical course.; Evolución.; Marcadores gravedad.; Seguimiento desde casa.; Severity, biomarkers.; Telephone follow-up..

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